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Alberto Toril
Former Energy Investment Analyst.
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Talya Vatman
Russia, Caspian and Black Sea Programme Manager.
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Oil use in industry
Industry accounts for around 20% of global oil demand. Two-thirds of industrial oil demand is used as feedstock in the chemicals industry. There are options that can bring down oil demand in industry, and some flexibility on which oil products are used as petrochemical feedstocks. 10. Leverage flexibility with petrochemical feedstocks and implement short-term efficiency and maintenance measures Description: The majority of petrochemical production capacity in Asia and the European Union can technically switch between different oil products – such as LPG, naphtha, ethane or gasoil – as a feedstock without requiring equipment modifications. Prioritising the processing of oil feedstocks…
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Ronan Graham
Senior Energy Security Analyst.
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Electricity 2026 Prices
Affordability and competitiveness take centre stage Average wholesale electricity prices in 2025 rose year-on-year in multiple regions and countries, including Europe and the United States, while others such as India and Australia saw lower prices compared to 2024. Looking at electricity prices for energy-intensive industries, significant variations across regions remain. EU electricity prices for energy‑intensive industries stayed elevated in 2025, again averaging over twice US levels and nearly 50% above those in China, similar to 2024, adding competitive pressure.At the same time, negative wholesale electricity prices became more common across many markets. Exceptions include the Nordic region…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Cement and concrete
State of the transition Emissions Total CO2 emissions are higher today than in 2015. Reductions in recent years have come from declines in global production, while direct CO2 emissions intensity remains unchanged.Both need to fall in the coming years to get on track for net zero by 2050, with contributions from improved material efficiency, greater use of alternative fuels and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and CCS. Cost Production costs for early commercial plants for near-zero emissions cement using CCS are estimated to be 75-150% higher than today’s conventional plants, varying by region.This cost premium will…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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María Fernanda Suárez Londoño
Minister of Mines and Energy. María Fernanda Suárez Londoño has served as Colombia’s Minister of Mines and Energy since August 2018. Under her leadership, Colombia is implementing an ambitious energy efficiency plan. Ms Suárez has worked in senior roles in the public and private sectors, including at Colombian oil company Ecopetrol.
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Alessia Scoz
Junior Digitalisation Energy Analyst.
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Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr
Mayor of Freetown, Co-Chair.
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Key findings
Introduction Each energy crisis has echoes of the past, and the acute strains on markets today are drawing comparison with the most severe energy disruptions in modern energy history, most notably the oil shocks of the 1970s. Then, as now, there were strong geopolitical drivers for the rise in prices, which led to high inflation and economic damage. Then, as now, the crises brought to the surface some underlying fragilities and dependencies in the energy system. Then, as now, high prices created strong economic incentives to act, and those incentives were reinforced by considerations of economic and energy security.But…
