-
Energy Technology Patents Data Explorer
Explore data on clean energy and fossil fuel patents in 44 countries Overview Patents provide early indications of technological developments that may transform the economy and drive the energy transition.
-
Gas Market Report, Q3-2025 Executive summary
…In contrast, gas demand was subdued in Asia, with both China and India recording demand declines in the first half of 2025. Market fundamentals remained tight in the first half of 2025 due to a combination of lower Russian piped gas exports to the European Union, slower growth in liquefied natural gas (LNG) output and higher storage injection needs in Europe. This supported higher natural gas prices in key import markets and weighed on natural gas demand in Asia. Meanwhile, geopolitical tensions continued to fuel price volatility. The conflict between Israel and Iran was a stark reminder that geopolitical factors…
-
Policy options to accelerate distributed solar PV in Ukraine Distributed solar PV in Ukraine
This report explores the current policy landscape for distributed solar PV in Ukraine and outlines three potential policy options to accelerate the deployment of this technology. It focuses on expanding the capacity of distributed solar PV to achieve the modelled results from IEA report Empowering Ukraine through a Decentralised Energy System, which outlines a pathway to rebuild and modernise Ukraine’s power sector amid ongoing attacks on energy infrastructure.The IEA estimates Ukraine would need to add around 4 GW of distributed PV per year until 2030 (over 24 GW in total) to create a more decentralised and secure power…
-
Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Taking stock of the effect of war
…local demand was largely met with domestic production. The gas network’s export capacity of 146 bcm stopped being used at the end of 2024, when Russia’s transit contract expired. Ukraine has an underground gas storage capacity of 32 bcm.The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) was 12% for solar PV and onshore wind before Russia’s invasion. The country risk premium is estimated at more than 15%, which could nearly triple hydrogen production costs compared to a mature market.Ukraine’s population has fallen by 15% since 2022, with indications that 50-80% of people leaving the country are…
-
Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Heat pumps
Global heat pump sales fell by about 2% in 2025. Sales in China and Japan were largely flat, while Europe saw a strong return of demand. Sales in the United States declined.In China, heat pump sales stayed broadly stable. Reversible air conditioners (used as primary heating equipment) make up about half the Chinese heat pump market, and while record-breaking sales of air conditioners supported strong demand in the first half the year, they fell sharply in the second half. Sales of air-to-water and hot water heat pumps, which make up the remainder of the market, remained…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
-
+ 9 pages
-
Elizabeth Connelly
Energy Technology and Transport Analyst. Elizabeth Connelly leads the transport analysis within the Energy Technology Policy Division and coordinates the Global EV Outlook report series.
-
Energy Efficiency 2024 How is the dumping of inefficient equipment affecting efficiency progress?
Differing regulatory frameworks open the door to inefficient equipment dumping The efficiency of appliances available for purchase varies substantially across different markets globally. IEA market data shows that between emerging markets alone the differences are very large. For example, the median efficiency of air conditioners in the sub-Saharan Africa region is only 3.1 W/W, while it is 4.7 in Southeast Asia, close to the 5‑6.5 W/W the NZE Scenario foresees by 2030. At the same time, household budgets for the purchase and use of appliances differ strongly due to global wealth and income inequalities. The result…
-
What Next for the Global Car Industry The global car industry in context
Highlights Global car markets are undergoing potentially transformative changes. Car sales reached a high point in 2017 and have bounced back from a pandemic-related drop due to sales of electric and hybrid cars; sales of conventional cars have continued to fall. Growth has shifted to emerging economies including China since the turn of the century, with around half of all sales now in these regions. Global car production has grown unevenly since the pandemic. China’s car output reached a record 27 million in 2024, 30% higher than in 2019, while India’s output grew 30% to almost 5…
-
Peter Levi
Head of Technology Supply Chain Unit. Peter Levi first joined the Energy Technology Policy Division of the IEA in 2016 and now leads the sectoral analysis of Industry within the Division. In this role he is focussed on the technologies and policies that can be employed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from energy-intensive sectors within industry – steel, cement, chemicals, aluminium and paper – as well as cross-cutting themes such as energy security, technology supply chains, innovation, hydrogen, carbon capture and electrification.
-
Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business Health and well-being
Energy efficiency can improve working conditions, increase employee productivity and reduce sick leave Energy efficiency improvements can enhance working environments and worker health. By reducing waste heat, air pollutants and other process inefficiencies, they lower health and safety risks while improving comfort and working conditions.In manufacturing, these effects can be direct. For example, in electronics manufacturing, conventional soldering requires thermal pre-heating cycles that exposes workers to high ambient heat as well as safety risks. Replacing this with induction heating enables localised heating of the material, reducing energy demand by around 70% while eliminating heat stress and safety hazards…
