IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Country

                Ghana

                In Ghana, electrification rates have gradually increased over the past 20 years, reaching almost 85% in 2017 and building on successful electrification plans. The country relies on a diversified energy mix and hosts the largest hydropower project of the Western African region.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Ghana Flag
                • Fuel report

                • Sep 2025

                Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

                …but faces competition from China. In the maritime sector, more than 85% of total energy demand is from international shipping in Singapore, which is pursuing a multi-fuel strategy, performing trials and defining technical standards for ammonia and methanol bunkering. In aviation, demand is concentrated in a few airports, so supplying these with synthetic fuel could make large strides towards decarbonisation.Near-term actions include prioritising renewables deployment, which could have positive consequences for the hydrogen sector, such as a lower cost of capital, industry experience and standardised processes. Pilot projects that enable gradual learning for large projects can be…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Progress summary dashboardProgress summary dashboard
                • Five key questions about hydrogenFive key questions about hydrogen
                • DemandDemand
                • + 6 pages

                Abstract, colorful blue and green background, oil on water surface. Oil drops in water abstract psychedelic, abstract image.
                • Flagship report

                • Apr 2026

                Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Electric vehiclesTechnology: Electric vehicles

                …electric vehicles, with plug-in hybrids seeing a smaller increase (4%).  In the European Union, electric car sales increased by 30% in 2025. The biggest EU car market – Germany – saw significant growth in electric car sales, as did Spain and Italy, following a reintroduction of purchase subsidies in those two countries. Other large-volume markets saw growth in electric car sales as well. In Poland, sales increased by 140%, while the Netherlands saw a 25% rise. In France, sales volumes were similar to 2024.  Europe as a whole overtook China as the fastest growing major market for electric cars. In…

                • Key findingsKey findings
                • Global trendsGlobal trends
                • OilOil
                • Natural gasNatural gas
                • + 9 pages

                Abstract experimental background pattern
                • Data tool

                • 24 Sep 2025

                Energy Technology Patents Data Explorer

                Explore data on clean energy and fossil fuel patents in 44 countries Overview Patents provide early indications of technological developments that may transform the economy and drive the energy transition.

                Data explorers
                • Contributor

                Daniel Morris

                Clean Energy Lead, Climate Investment Funds. As the Senior Climate Change Specialist and Clean Energy Lead, he works with the Climate Investment Funds’ partners to help deliver transformational change in the energy systems of developing countries.Daniel’s 12 years of experience in working to build economic and policy solutions to the climate crisis are also derived from his previous roles as an Advisor to the US Executive Director of the World Bank and as a Policy Analyst in the US Treasury. In the latter position, he helped to execute the agency’s responsibilities related to the United States’ climate and energy agenda. Daniel has a Master’s degree in Environmental Science and Management, Political Economy of the Environment from the Bren School of Environmental Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a Bachelor of Science degree in Environmental Science from Northern Arizona University.

                • Contributor

                Ethan Jenness

                Former Energy Analyst.

                • Fuel report

                • Dec 2025

                Coal 2025 Investments in coal projects and emissions abatementInvestments in coal projects and emissions abatement

                New projects increase the capacity of the project pipeline Forthcoming export-oriented coal projects in our database have a total capacity of 493 Mtpa at the time of writing, 63 Mtpa higher than in our previous report. This increase in the project pipeline is due to improved research on Indonesia rather than more projects actually being developed. This report classifies projects as either more advanced or less advanced based on whether they have received the necessary approvals and permits in their respective countries. The capacity of less-advanced projects declined from 275 Mtpa to 210 Mtpa. Some projects failed to obtain environmental approvals due…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • DemandDemand
                • SupplySupply
                • TradeTrade
                • + 2 pages

                Photo depicts open pit coal mining shutterstock 446818084
                • Country

                Iceland

                In 2007, the Icelandic government released a Climate Change Strategy conceived as a framework for action and government involvement in climate change issues, and setting forth a long-term goal of reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 75% of 1990 levels by 2050.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Iceland Flag
                • Contributor

                Alessia Stedile

                Junior Energy Investment Analyst.

                • Fuel report

                • Nov 2024

                Energy Efficiency 2024 How is the dumping of inefficient equipment affecting efficiency progress?How is the dumping of inefficient equipment affecting efficiency progress?

                …been defined by the Duke University School of Law as “the practice of exporting to another country or territory products that contain hazardous substances; have environmental performance lower than is in the interest of consumers or that is contrary to the interests of local and global commons; or can undermine the ability of the importing country to fulfil international environmental treaty commitments”. Dumping therefore includes the export of equipment that is treated as waste in the receiving country, equipment that is sold on second-hand markets, or new first-hand equipment that is of inferior environmental and energy consumption performance…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Does a heat pump work in a house with poor insulation?Does a heat pump work in a house with poor insulation?
                • How can energy efficiency alleviate rising heatwave-driven electricity demand?How can energy efficiency alleviate rising heatwave-driven electricity demand?
                • What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?
                • + 1 pages

                Construction Workers Installing Insulation And Roof Panels Usa Shutterstock 1929213377
              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.