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Coal 2025 Investments in coal projects and emissions abatement
…Indonesia rather than more projects actually being developed. This report classifies projects as either more advanced or less advanced based on whether they have received the necessary approvals and permits in their respective countries. The capacity of less-advanced projects declined from 275 Mtpa to 210 Mtpa. Some projects failed to obtain environmental approvals due to legal challenges and public opposition. From the 2024 list, 15 projects have been cancelled or shelved in 2025.Several less-advanced projects have transitioned into more-advanced stages, as many were awaiting administrative approvals and environmental licences. This transition, combined with the addition of new advanced projects…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Policy options to accelerate distributed solar PV in Ukraine Policy options and implications
…The higher the tariff compared to the PV system’s levelised cost of energy (LCOE), the more attractive the scheme becomes, irrespective of the retail tariff.Net metering: solar PV owners can use the electricity they generate, reducing their consumption from the network. In a net-metering scheme, a solar PV owner receives an 2Anchoraddexpandmore-dots TitleEN Show background color checkUse "Show background color" only in case the following block shows background colorenergy credit for any excess generation exported to the network during a specific time period. This energy credit can be deducted from network electricity consumed on future bills…
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Broader view on energy-related strategic minerals: What risks to anticipate?
Many energy-related minerals are used across multiple sectors, including digital technologies, aerospace and high-performance materials While critical minerals are often associated with electrification, renewables and battery storage, their significance extends well beyond energy, underpinning a broad array of industrial and technological applications. From AI and robotics to high-performance materials and aerospace, these minerals’ contribution to industrial and technological development is increasing, with broad economic implications. The range of strategic materials with significant implications for the energy sector should not be underestimated. Superalloys – which require a diverse array of input metals – illustrate this: approximately two-thirds of global…
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Alyssa Fischer
Former Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
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Financing CCUS at Scale Executive summary
…capacity additions, operational capture capacity is set to nearly double by 2030 – and even more projects are at the planning stage.These developments represent significant milestones for a sector in which projects are complex, difficult to finance and faced with unique risks. At its core, the challenge for CCUS is commercial viability. In contrast to other clean energy technologies, CCUS manages CO2 – a product with little intrinsic market value and limited standalone demand. This fundamental constraint is compounded by several distinctive risks. As new business models develop around hubs or CCUS services, project developers must co-ordinate capture facilities, transport…
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Fabian Voswinkel
Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
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Daniel Wetzel
Head of Tracking Sustainable Transitions Unit. Daniel Wetzel leads the newly created Tracking Sustainable Transitions unit within the World Energy Outlook, which tracks how policy measures are actually moving the needle on clean energy transitions, energy access, and energy employment. He was one of the lead author’s on the IEA’s Sustainable Recovery report, the IEA’s Sustainable Recovery Tracker, and coordinated IEA’s co-custodianship on Tracking Progress on Sustainable Development Goal 7.1: Universal Access. Daniel also oversees the employment and parts of the demand analysis in the annual World Energy Outlook. Prior to joining the IEA, Daniel worked at the Rocky Mountain Institute in their Beijing office, leading their Power Market Reform program, and also in Colorado, working on regional energy transition plans.
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Beyond NMC batteries: Supply chain issues for emerging battery technologies
…compared to less than two-thirds of nickel-based cathode material and 60% of nickel-based battery cells. China holds significant advantages in LFP production: access to low-cost raw materials from its highly integrated supply chain, cheaper and higher efficiency LFP production equipment and machinery with lower lead times, and finally, holding considerable LFP patents. Phosphoric acid and manganese sulphate are becoming increasingly important as they face higher supply concentration and volume risks The refining of phosphate rock into battery-grade purified phosphoric acid (PPA) is a growing potential bottleneck for LFP and LMFP production with a PPA deficit…
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Jihyun Selena Lee
Former Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
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Ana Lepure
Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
