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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Transport
Introduction Private cars and vans were responsible for more than 25% of global oil use and around 10% of energy-related CO2-emissions in 2023. Doubling global annual energy intensity improvement by 2030 would require the efficiency of cars to improve by 5% each year. An integrated policy approach combining regulation, information and incentives is the most effective way to achieve this goal.Regulations such as fuel economy standards and heavy-duty vehicle standards encourage manufacturers to introduce more efficient vehicles, thereby significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Countries with regulations and/or efficiency-based purchase incentives in place improve efficiency…
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George Kamiya
Former Energy Policy Analyst. George Kamiya leads the IEA’s analysis on the energy and climate impacts of digitalisation and works on modelling and policy aspects of other emerging topics, including critical minerals, cybersecurity, and new mobility services. He contributes to several IEA flagship reports including the World Energy Outlook, World Energy Investment, and Tracking Clean Energy Progress.
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ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA)
…Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement), Brunei, Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore (supplemented by existing Singapore-Australia FTA), and VietnamMarch 2010: in Thailand (Agreement supplemented by existing Thailand-Australia FTA)January 2011: in Laos, CambodiaJanuary 2012: in IndonesiaThe Agreement eliminates or reduces border tariffs on: Electric generation equipment Mechanical equipment including pumps, appliances and other advanced machineryElectric motors, transformers, batteries and capacitorsMotor vehicles and vehicle parts (except for motor vehicle imports into Myanmar and Vietnam)Mineral ore and processed products including graphite, manganese, copper, aluminium and nickelVarious products manufactured using the above minerals and metals such as sheets, powders…
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Appliances
Introduction Appliances represent 45% of electricity demand in buildings and are responsible for almost 3 gigatons (Gt) of CO₂ emissions. Doubling the global annual energy intensity improvement by 2030 would require appliances to become 30% to 40% more efficient. An integrated policy approach combining regulation, information and incentives is the most effective way to achieve this goal. Regulations such as minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) can ensure that the least efficient equipment is not sold on the market. MEPS also encourage suppliers to increase the efficiency of the appliances they produce, accelerating the improvement of efficiency on the market. In…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Current Policies Scenario
Expanding the world we know Total final consumption rises in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) by around 1.3% each year over the next decade, similar to the average annual increase over the last decade: global industrial output, appliance ownership and demands for mobility all increase, while energy efficiency gains are modest. Demand for oil rises to 113 million barrels per day by 2050, mainly due to its increased use in emerging market and developing economies for road transport, petrochemical feedstocks, and aviation. Electric vehicle (EV) uptake stalls in regions lacking strong policy support: China and Europe are the main exceptions…
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What it would take to unlock the next phase of hydrogen growth
Can hydrogen scale up successfully Global hydrogen demand reached 100 Mt in 2024, mainly from refineries, the production of chemicals and the iron and steel sector. Demand grew by almost 2% from 2023, in line with overall energy demand growth. This consumption was almost completely met with hydrogen produced from unabated fossil fuels, using 290 billion cubic metres of natural gas and 90 million tonnes of coal equivalent. However, alternative technologies that can produce low-emissions hydrogen have attracted a lot of interest from governments given their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and diversify energy supply, particularly in countries that have a…
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Nadhilah Shani
Head of Power Generation and Interconnection Department, ASEAN Centre for Energy.
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Electric vehicle batteries
Electric vehicle battery deployment Electric vehicle battery deployment grew by almost 30% in 2025 Electric vehicles (EVs) remained the primary source of global battery deployment, accounting for more than 70% of the total in 2025, slightly down from almost 80% in 2024. In 2025, EV battery deployment reached 1.2 TWh, an increase of almost 30% compared to 2024, and more than 7 times greater than in 2020. Light‑duty vehicles remained the dominant segment, representing more than 85% of the 2025 EV battery deployment. However, the fastest growth came from electric trucks, for which battery demand more than doubled – largely thanks…
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Tan See Leng
Minister for Manpower and Minister-in-Charge of Energy, Science and Technology.
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Pledges to Progress 2025 Pledges to Progress Company Assessment
The assessment shown below sets out actions reported by 116 oil and gas companies to achieve the goals set out in the Oil and Gas Decarbonisation Charter, agreed at COP28. It is a baseline assessment, in that the evaluations for each metric are based on public company reporting published in 2024, which often rely on data and progress from 2023, i.e. before the OGDC was launched.This is not an assessment of environmental performance. It tracks 25 specific aspects of target-setting, implementation strategies and disclosure, based on a framework put together by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the…
