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New Zealand
…significant production of both hydropower and geothermal. As the country embarks on an ambitious energy transition, it has many natural advantages, including a strong renewable resource base. New Zealand already has a low-emissions electricity system, with over 80% of electricity coming from renewable sources. The key challenge will be to decarbonise other end-use sectors through clean power and support investments in new technologies to achieve deeper emissions cuts across all sectors. Notably, the transport sector accounts for the highest share of emissions and is almost entirely dependent on oil while industry is also heavily reliant on fossil fuels.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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World Energy Investment 2025 United States
Energy investment policies in the United States reflect its prioritisation of energy security Energy investment in the United States reflects its prioritisation of energy security, with a subsequent strategic push to establish a presence in emerging value chains and to supply international markets. Since becoming a net energy exporter in 2019, a remarkable turnaround from its high previous reliance on imports, the country has continued to expand its global energy role. In 2024 it was the world’s largest producer of oil and gas (20% of global output), as well as a major investor (25% of total investment). This growth…
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Energy and AI Understanding the energy-AI nexus
…come to dominate the stock market – notably in the United States, which hosts some of the world’s largest technology companies. From November 2022 – when ChatGPT launched – to the end of 2024, 65% of the growth in market capitalisation of the S&P 500 came from companies that either deploy AI or integrate AI into their core operations. That is, of the USD 16 trillion rise in market capitalisation of S&P 500 companies, USD 12 trillion came from AI-related companies alone. This period was marked by a surge in AI-related investor expectations before the recent volatility in financial markets. AI-focused start-ups in…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Cost acceptability
…uses enables identification of the maximum acceptable costs for hydrogen users, i.e. the maximum amount that can be spent on the hydrogen feedstock within a low-emissions pathway while maintaining the same total levelised cost of production as the incumbent pathway to produce the same commodity.This can enable policy makers and investors to identify sectors with both high maximum acceptable hydrogen costs and high potential volumes that can serve as lead markets for low-emissions hydrogen. Cost acceptability can be influenced by policies and depends on technologies, fuels and cost structure.The factors with the most influence on…
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Electricity
…early stage of commercialisation, complementary and targeted policy measures such as tax credits and grant funding are needed to secure investment. Furthermore, new coal-fired units should be constructed CCUS-ready, with efficiencies consistent with global best practice (using supercritical or ultra-supercritical technologies).
International support is vital to accelerate coal transitions in emerging market and developing economies
Emerging market and developing economies will require international capital for a significant fraction of the investment needed to transition away from unabated coal. In addition to providing access to capital, public international actors, such as multilateral development banks, can play a…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Strategies to speed action
Making a business case for methane abatement Tackling methane emissions from fossil-fuel operations is one of the quickest and cheapest ways to curb global greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the methane abatement measures available today in the oil and gas sector would be cost-effective at a carbon price of about USD 20 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2‑eq). Methane abatement has not caught on as widely as it could, for several reasons. Companies may underestimate of the scale of the problem or be unaware of the available solutions. Capital is often steered toward higher-profile projects, while corporate…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in other light-duty electric vehicles
…more than 9% of the global fleet now electric. The global sales share of electric models remained at around 15% in 2024 with total electric model sales reaching 10 million. The electric sales share stalled in 2024, mostly due to the shrinking Chinese electric 2/3W market, although growth in other regions was steady. China, India and Southeast Asia remain the world’s largest 2/3W markets, accounting for around 80% of 2024 global sales, with 2/3Ws serving as the primary mode of private passenger transport in India and Southeast Asia. Electric 2/3Ws stand out as the most affordable…
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Electric vehicle batteries
…accounted for about 8% of global EV battery deployment in 2025, up from less than 5% in 2024.Regionally, EV battery deployment expanded in China (60% of global) and the European Union (almost 15%) in 2025, while it stagnated in the United States (10%). Growth in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) other than China also continued – they represented 6% of global EV battery deployment in 2025, highlighting the increasingly global nature of road transport electrification.In 2025, the average battery size of battery electric cars remained broadly stable in the European Union and China, at close to 70 kWh and below 60 kWh, respectively…
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Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2025 Executive summary
…biomass, or fossil fuels with carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS). A detailed overview of the terminology is provided in Annex I. The regulatory and policy framework for low-emissions hydrogen has continued to evolve Setting hydrogen strategies, including the establishment of medium- and long-term targets, is considered essential to provide the necessary impetus and guidance for the development of hydrogen markets.To date, the majority of the countries in Northwest Europe have adopted production targets for electrolytic hydrogen, while Norway has opted for a technology-neutral approach. In April 2025, France published a revised National Hydrogen Strategy. While…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in electric car affordability
…2024. In contrast, in Germany, the price of electric SUVs slightly increased in 2024, despite their battery pack prices declining 20%. This suggests that the battery pack price is not the only factor influencing EV prices: other component manufacturing costs, trim levels and carmakers’ pricing strategies also play a significant role. Availability of a wide range of affordable EV models will be key to unlocking mass-market adoption. In 2024, there were fewer BEV models available than ICEV models in the United States and Europe, and the range was skewed towards higher-end models with higher prices. Conversely, in China, the…
