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Gas price cap for bakeries and pastry shops
Starting from 1 April until 31 December 2023, the Government of Poland set a price cap on gas of maximum PLN 200.17/MWh for Polish bakeries and pastry shops using gas-fired ovens to help them with high energy prices. Bakeries that apply for this price reduction can receive aid equivalent to up to EUR 200,000.
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The Electromobility Development Plan
The Electromobility Development Plan lays down the areas and stages of the development of electromobility in Poland, also proposing intervention tools. Its basic assumption is the attainment of 1 million electric vehicles in Poland by 2025. An important issue is the launch of projects related to electrification of public transport which are of key importance for reducing transport emissions and improving the air quality in cities.
The government also implemented tax reliefs for excise duties and income tax for zero- and low-emission vehicles. The exemption from the excise duty applies to electric, hydrogen-powered (without a time limit) and… -
Obligation for Power Purchase from Renewable Sources
In order to promote the utilization of renewable energy sources for energy production, Poland introduced in 2005 (with effect from 1st October 2005) a support system for generating electricity from renewable energy sources (system of green certificates). It is primarily regulated by the Energy Law Act of 10 April 1997 with later amendments and the secondary legislation. The Polish RES support scheme is a market-based mechanism that is conducive to optimal development and competition.
The system is generally based on two components:
the obligation of the suppliers of last resort to purchase electricity generated from renewable energy sources at… -
Development Strategy for the Renewable Energy Sector
The Development Strategy of Renewable Energy Sector was adopted by the Parliament of the Republic of Poland in August 2001. Strategic objective was to increase share of energy derived from renewable sources in Polish energy mix to 14% by 2020 with an interim target of 7.5% by 2010. Next objective set by the document, of more political characteristic, was a call for further actions that would promote deployment of renewable energies in Poland as a key factor to sustainable development of the state. In period between 2001 and 2010, provisions embodied in the document were to be checked and verified…
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Financing CCUS at Scale
How to Mobilise Private Capital Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) is an important area of attention for governments and financiers as both look to balance policy and investment goals. Recent financial investment decisions of major projects show promise in a sector that is gaining momentum, but its future success depends on viable business models and effective risk allocation across the value chain.In this context, Financing CCUS at Scale is the IEA’s latest report on what it takes to move CCUS projects from the drawing board to operation. Building on expert interviews with leading financial institutions, the report…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is becoming an increasingly important part of the global energy system. The region accounts for 9% of the world’s population and 4% of its GDP. Energy use has risen sharply since 2015, supported by industrialisation, urbanisation, rising incomes and expanding mobility needs. This growth has helped underpin economic development and wider access to modern energy, but it has also increased exposure to global fuel markets and added to emissions. The current Middle East crisis has tested Southeast Asia’s energy security and affordability, exposing the limits of short-term responses. The region was heavily exposed to Middle…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Heat pumps
Global heat pump sales fell by about 2% in 2025. Sales in China and Japan were largely flat, while Europe saw a strong return of demand. Sales in the United States declined.In China, heat pump sales stayed broadly stable. Reversible air conditioners (used as primary heating equipment) make up about half the Chinese heat pump market, and while record-breaking sales of air conditioners supported strong demand in the first half the year, they fell sharply in the second half. Sales of air-to-water and hot water heat pumps, which make up the remainder of the market, remained…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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The State of Energy Innovation 2025 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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The State of Energy Innovation 2026 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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Critical Mineral Traceability for Energy and Economic Security Executive summary
Risks to energy and economic security from high levels of concentration in critical mineral supply chains became a reality in 2025. All of the IEA’s six focus minerals – copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements – are set to see strong demand growth, driven by their central role in energy and strategic industrial applications. Yet diversification has lagged demand, with processing and refining remaining highly concentrated. Risks from concentration materialised in 2025 as new export controls threatened the supply of materials critical to strategic and economically important industries.Recent years have seen a proliferation of new policies and…
