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Italy
Italy aims for carbon neutrality by 2050 and is on track to reach its 2030 targets for emissions reductions and energy efficiency, aiming to reach 30% of renewables in total energy consumption and 55% of renewables in electricity generation. The country has experienced notable growth in the renewable energy sector and has successfully integrated large volumes of variable renewable generation. Natural gas is a major source for electricity and heating, therefore Italy has strengthened its energy security by diversifying natural gas supply, making use of the pipeline and LNG infrastructure that it has built up over the last decade. Reducing…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Investment and innovation
…in 2025. Aviation attracted the largest share of hydrogen VC, with almost 25%.Hydrogen company valuations are being driven to new highs by one firm, while returns show modest signs of stabilisation and recovery. Bloom Energy stands out, adding almost USD 80 billion in market capitalisation in the past year, as surging electricity demand from AI data centres and long gas turbine backlogs boost prospects for its fuel cells, albeit initially running on natural gas.Multiple hydrogen technologies have advanced towards commercial deployment since 2020, but maturity remains uneven. High-capture CCUS-based hydrogen production has yet to be demonstrated, while hydrogen…
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Alexander Bressers
Senior Oil Market Analyst.
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Renewable Integration
Renewable Integration
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Eritrea
Less than half of the population of Eritrea has access to electricity. Most of the country's electricity generation comes from imported oil.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Progress summary dashboard
Progress summary dashboard
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Setting the scene
…global investments today. However, these headline numbers often mask a persistent trend: a gaping regional imbalance in global energy investment. After removing the share of investment going towards advanced economies and People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”), emerging market and developing economies (EMDE) other than China account for around 27% of total energy investment and 18% of clean energy investment. With the bulk of future energy and electricity demand expected to be driven by EMDE, this disparity influences their ability to deliver secure, affordable energy transitions aligned with their development objectives. From around USD 875 billion today, energy investment in…
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India Bioenergy Market Report Executive summary
Bioenergy is particularly important for India’s rapidly growing energy market. It can strengthen energy security, reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels, create economic development and employment opportunities - especially in rural communities - and contribute to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. These benefits align closely with national energy and climate objectives, enabling India to leverage its domestic resources to support cleaner energy growth. India’s abundant agricultural residues and organic waste provide a strong resource base for modern bioenergy production.India’s ethanol industry has emerged as one of the country’s most successful policy-driven energy stories. Backed by a suite…
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COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
…at the request of governments, to support the full and timely implementation of the energy promises made in Dubai by identifying pathways forward and providing policy makers with advice on accelerating national and secure clean energy transitions. The IEA's landmark 2024 report, From Taking Stock to Taking Action: How to implement the COP28 energy goals, explores the risks of partial implementation and discusses how countries can integrate the objectives set at COP28 into their next round of targets under the Paris Agreement.The sections below follow the energy targets laid out in Paragraph 28 of the COP28 Global Stocktake…
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Belarus
…dependence, particularly on natural gas from a single supplier. The government is contemplating attractive investment measures and fuel diversification to reduce natural gas consumption and include more coal and renewables into the country's energy mix, while developing local energy sources and introducing nuclear power.
Belarus has also prioritized improving energy efficiency in electricity and heat production and is phasing out subsidies for electricity, heat and gas, which is expected to make the energy sector more market-focused and investor-friendly. Belarus is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policy making for the energy sector.- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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