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Gaining an Edge Energy demand and competitiveness
Energy is at the centre of competitiveness amid high costs, growing demand, and rising trade pressures Energy is a vital input into all productive sectors of the economy. In an environment of fierce global competition and shifting trade patterns, energy costs are a major determinant of long-term investment, jobs and business competitiveness. Finding ways to reduce energy costs while producing more or better products is good for both profitability and overall economic growth. While energy prices are volatile in many countries, recent high prices combined with instability and fragmentation in energy markets have widened energy price gaps between regions…
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Venezuela
The Venezuela Plan for the National Electric System aims to integrate renewables in the power system by including it in medium and long-term strategies. It aims to develop the use of renewables within isolated rural communities including solar, small hydro and biogas.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Investment and innovation
Capital spending on low-emissions hydrogen projects reached nearly USD 7 billion in 2025, nearly double the 2024 level and equal to 0.7% of global investment in energy supply. Investment in electrolysis overtook investment in carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS)-based hydrogen, thanks to a stronger pipeline, higher capital intensity and faster project progress, and could account for around 70% of nearly USD 10 billion in investment in 2026.China and Europe lead committed electrolysis projects, with China accounting for more than 60% of capacity by 2026 and 25% of estimated investment. Europe represents less than 20% of capacity but 45% of…
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World Energy Investment 2025 European Union
Energy investment in the European Union has shifted over the past decade to low-emissions generation. Grid investment is key to EU price convergence and market stability In the past decade, the European Union (EU) has increased its commitment to clean energy, with investment reaching almost USD 390 billion in 2025. Investment in low-emissions electricity was driven by the global energy crisis that followed Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, subsequent favourable policy incentives and the declining cost of renewable technologies. In 2024 renewables generated 50% of electricity used in the EU, while fossil fuels accounted…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Techno-economic inputs
…distinction in the analysis between conventional and unconventional resource types.Overall, the remaining technical recoverable resources of fossil fuels remain similar to those in the World Energy Outlook 2024. All fuels are at a level sufficient to meet the projections of global energy demand growth to 2050 in all scenarios. Remaining technically recoverable resources of US tight oil (crude plus condensate) total more than 210 billion barrels. Natural gas resource numbers remain broadly similar to those of last year. Most of the remaining technically recoverable resources lie in the Eurasia, the Middle East and the United States.World coal resources are…
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Financing the Modernisation of Power Systems Beyond Coal
The role of transition credits in Southeast Asia Coal is a central component of power systems in Southeast Asia, even as governments have committed to reducing coal‑related emissions. Rapid electricity demand growth, alongside coal’s role in system adequacy, reliability and energy security, complicates efforts to accelerate coal transitions. Recent volatility in international gas markets has reinforced the short‑term economic and security value of existing coal assets, adding complexity to national transition strategies. The region’s young coal fleet also implies substantial long‑term emissions if plants continue operating at current utilisation rates.Against this backdrop, new approaches are being explored…
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Moldova
Moldova is almost fully dependent on fossil fuel and electricity imports, with natural gas serving most of its energy needs. The government plans to diversify the energy mix with renewables such as wind and solar. Moldova is part of the EU4Energy Programme, which focuses on improving evidence-based policy making for the energy sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Electricity 2026 Emissions
…slowing down as fossil-fired generation is constrained by the rapid deployment of renewables and rising nuclear power generation. As this trend continues, we forecast global emissions from power generation to plateau over our 2026-2030 outlook period due to significant increases in clean energy sources, despite electricity demand growth of an average 3.6% annually – a sharp acceleration from the 2.8% pace of the past decade. Economic shocks and deviations from normal weather conditions, such as intense heat waves, cold spells or low water availability for hydropower generation, can cause an increase in emissions in individual years. However…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Trade and infrastructure
Highlights Trade is a major driver of project announcements. Nearly 45% of low-emissions hydrogen from announced production projects is intended for export, exceeding 16 Mtpa H₂-eq by 2030 if all materialise. Yet export-oriented projects are less likely to reach the investment stage, with only 5% having done so. These projects tend to be large scale, lacking off-takers. More than half are in emerging and developing economies, where affordable capital and export infrastructure may be limited.Some governments are supporting the large-scale offtake of low-emissions hydrogen by providing funds for long-term premiums through competitive auctions. However…
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Global EV Outlook 2025
Expanding sales in diverse markets Global EV Outlook 2025: Expanding sales in diverse markets The Global EV Outlook is an annual publication that reports on recent developments in electric mobility around the world. It is developed with the support of members of the Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI).The report draws on the latest data to assess trends in electric vehicle deployment, demand for their batteries and charging infrastructure. It considers recent policy developments and industry strategies shaping the outlook for electric vehicles in different markets. This edition features analysis of electric vehicle affordability, manufacturing and trade of electric cars and…
