• Policy

        • India

        • 2023

        Hydrogen included in carbon credit methodology

        …new Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), with six sectors—including hydrogen—eligible in Phase 1. In January 2025, twelve methodologies for these sectors were released for public consultation. The renewable hydrogen methodology is based on the CDM’s AM0124 and uses baseline emission factors of 9 kgCO₂-eq/kgH₂ for gas/oil-based production and 19 kgCO₂-eq/kgH₂ for coal-based production, as per the IEA’s 2023 G7 report. Only new electrolyzer plants powered by new renewable energy assets are eligible, and the hydrogen must replace fossil-based hydrogen in existing applications. The scope includes both production and transport…

        • Policy

        • People's Republic of China

        • 2025

        Pilot demonstration program

        …initiatives across 11 areas of the hydrogen value chain targeting commercial deployment by June 2028. Each project should demonstrate technological progression, commercial potential, substantial carbon reduction benefits, and replicable frameworks. For hydrogen production, electrolyzers should be of at least 100 MW predominantly powered by paired renewable energy, with no more than 20% of renewable power fed into the grid. Minimum length for hydrogen pipelines is 100 km and minimum size for storage projects is 20000 Nm3. NEA focuses on uses for refining, coal-to-liquid replacement, power generation and long duration energy storage with at least 1000 tpa of use

        • Policy

        • Korea

        • 2021

        Ammonia and hydrogen co-firing new ambitions

        According to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the government has launched a public-private council to lead the research, with an aim of introducing hydrogen and ammonia in the fuel mix as early as 2030. The ministry’s plan envisions more than half of South Korea’s coal-fired thermal power plants, or at least 24, using a fuel mix consisting of 20 percent ammonia as early as 2030. By 2035, local gas-fired thermal power plants will use a mix of liquefied natural gas and 30 percent hydrogen. In the following years, the government will increase the…

        • Policy

        • Japan

        • 2021

        Plan for Ammonia to 2050

        Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI) plans to introduce 30 million tonnes of renewable-based ammonia annually into the fuel mix by 2050 to cut emissions from older power plants and shipping. As confirmed in the 7th Strategic Energy Plan in February 2025, METI aims to replace 20% of coal in coal-fired power plants with ammonia by 2030, increasing to 50% over time.

        • Policy

        • Indonesia

        • 2016

        Electricity Supply Business Plan (Rencana Umum Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik – “RUPTL”) 2016-2025

        …un-allocated. 
        The RUPTL also plans for the 23% share from renewables (including Hydro, Geothermal and Solar resources) as set out by the 2014 National Energy Policy (NEP).

        Indonesia plans to expand its generation capacity by 45% over the next decade. The private sector will contribute 57% of the total new capacity.
        Planned power mix for 45.7GW allocated to IPPs is:

        Coal: 25.2GW
        Gas: 6.7GW
        Hydro: 6.8GW
        Geothermal: 5.1GW
        Others: 1.9GW

        The unallocated 16.6GW has the following power mix:

        Coal: 1.7GW
        Gas: 9.3GW
        Hydro: 2GW
        Geothermal: 0.7GW
        Solar: 2.9GW

        • Policy

        • People's Republic of China

        • 2024

        Guiding Opinions on Energy Work

        These guiding opinions which sets out influential quantitative expectations for the energy system (promoting high-quality energy development and energy security at a high level, and supporting China’s continued economic growth) contains some opinions describing how innovation is expected to support energy security and grid stability, as well as the growth of non-fossil energy supplies. The 2024 guidelines highlight R&D in nuclear power, smart grids, energy storage, renewables, hydrogen and efficient coal use, and the 2025 ones provide a more detailed roadmap for advancing renewable energy and enhancing the Chinese self-reliance in energy technologies.

        • Policy

        • Mexico

        • 1980

        The special Tax Law on Production and Services

        …of each year. The details of the tax are as follows:


         Combustible fossil fuelsTaxunit of measure
        1
        Propane
        6.15
        centavos per liter

        2
        Butane
        7.97
        centavos per liter

        3
        Gasoline and aviation gases
        10.81
        centavos per liter

        4
        Jet fuel and other kerosene
        12.91
        centavos per liter

        5
        Diesel
        13.11
        centavos per liter

        6
        fuel oil
        14.00
        centavos per liter

        7
        Petroleum coke
        16.24
        pesos per ton

        8
        Coke
        38.09
        pesos per ton

        9
        Coal
        28.68
        pesos per ton

        10
        Other fossil fuels
        41.45
        pesos per ton of carbon containing fuel

        • Policy

        • Myanmar

        • 2016

        Myanmar Energy Master Plan

        …strategy in energy sector infrastructure and form the basis for recommendation on institution building for Myanmar's future national energy planning.
        The plan envisions a 15% - 20% share of renewable energy in 2020 in the total installed capacity, most of which will be used to advance rural renewable energy purposes. The preferred energy scenario shows energy generation mix of 57% hydropower, 30% coal, 8% natural gas and 5% solar and wind by 2030.
        The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) strives to put in place multiple rural electrification schemes including various renewable energy options including solar energy, wind farms, biomass…

        • Policy

        • Colombia

        • 2016

        Generation and Transmission Expansion Plan 2015-2029 (Plan de Expansión de Referencia Generación Transmisión 2015 - 2029)

        …the government considers possible scenarios for the country's energy generation matrix. Based on natural resource endowment, project registration and connection requests, finding that between 4,208 and 6,675 megawatts of expansion are required over the next decade.
        Scenario 12 contemplates an optimum mix of all primary energy sources, both conventional and non-conventional, and is mainly based on around 1 GW coal-based thermal generation; 1.2 GW wind generation in the north of La Guajira; around 1.5 GW hydroelectric generation; approximately 0.5 GW for solar projects, geothermal, biomass and around 700 megawatts of minor generation.

        • Policy

        • People's Republic of China

        • 2006

        Biogas support programme

        …set a biogas generation target of 44 billion m3 by 2020. To meet such targets, the National Biogas Project Construction Plan (2006-2010) provides financial and technical supports to generation projects at the household level and to medium and large scale biogas projects in mass production farms. The plan should secure biogas access for 40 million new rural households, therefore generating 15.4 billion m3 of biogas annually. Estimations anticipate such a deployment to substitute about 24.2 million tons of conventional coal consumption. In addition, 4, 700 medium and large scale biogas projects will be deployed in agricultural exploitations.

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