-
Critical Mineral Traceability for Energy and Economic Security Executive summary
…reflecting variations in their strategic priorities. Producing countries tend to adopt policies that encourage domestic projects or enhance domestic oversight over use of mineral resources. Consuming countries, by contrast, have focused more on reducing concentration, enabling diversification and promoting responsible practices across global mineral supply chains, often through introduction of sourcing requirements.Traceability is a foundational tool for implementing effective policies. It enables governments and companies to track where minerals originate, how they move through supply chains, who has custody of them and how they are transformed. Traced material can have further data attached – such as sustainability or quality attributes…
-
Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key findings
… This report assesses the global potential and costs of developing biogas and biomethane using a first-of-a-kind geospatial analysis. It provides detailed country- and region-specific supply curves for over 30 types of feedstocks through careful mapping of feedstock density and proximity to infrastructure such as roads, electricity grids and gas pipelines. Policy momentum for biogases has grown since the first landmark International Energy Agency (IEA) report in 2020, with more than 50 new policies introduced around the world. High natural gas prices during the height of the global energy crisis in 2022 strengthened interest in the potential…
-
Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business Turning the opportunity into reality
Across sectors, the evidence consistently shows that the value of energy efficiency extends far beyond energy savings, often matching or even exceeding them.A key challenge is that much of this value is not systematically captured in investment decisions. Business cases are often built on energy savings alone, overlooking gains in productivity, resource efficiency, product quality, brand reputation and workforce health. Reflecting these wider benefits can significantly strengthen investment cases and improve how efficiency projects compete for capital.This report draws on available evidence to highlight these broader benefits and why they matter in practice. The steps below show how…
-
Global Methane Tracker 2026 Key findings
No sign that global energy-related methane emissions fell in 2025 despite progress in some areas The fossil fuel sector accounts for around 35% of methane emissions from human activity, yet there is still no sign that methane emissions from fossil fuel operations are falling, despite well-known and proven mitigation pathways. Oil, gas and coal production output reached record highs in 2025, and the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that methane emissions from these activities total 124 million tonnes (Mt) a year: oil is the largest source at 45 Mt, followed by coal at 43 Mt, and natural gas at 36 Mt. A…
-
Energy and AI Executive summary
…global model and comprehensive dataset of data centre electricity demand, its analysis was also enriched by an in-depth process of consultation with policy makers, the tech sector, the energy industry and other experts. Data centres account for a small share of global electricity consumption today, but their local impacts are far more pronounced Global investment in data centres has nearly doubled since 2022 and amounted to half a trillion dollars in 2024. This investment boom has led to growing concerns about skyrocketing electricity demand.Data centres accounted for around 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption in 2024…
-
Gaining an Edge Summary for policymakers
…In today’s global context, energy efficiency is not only a matter of energy policy, but also of economic policy.Today the world’s industries can produce nearly 20% more value for a given amount of energy than they could two decades ago. This progress has yielded significant benefits at the country level. G20 countries have doubled their economic output from industry and services since 2000 while only using 60% more energy, with efficiency gains resulting in cumulative savings equivalent to India’s entire primary energy consumption.However, the recent global slowdown in industrial efficiency progress risks weakening firms’ competitiveness…
-
Financing Clean Energy in Africa Designing finance solutions for clean energy: solutions for key sectors
…but higher upfront costs can complicate investment. Numerous innovative financing models are being trialled, from large-scale approaches to those targeting small and medium-sized enterprises and consumers, but many require policy support and concessional funding to achieve the necessary scale.African countries can take advantage of growing global demand for critical minerals and low-emissions fuels to drive domestic industrial development, creating value-added activities within the mineral supply chain and pursuing long-term prospects for low-emissions fuels. Many of these projects can be financed by private actors, but low-emissions hydrogen will need substantial public support to…
-
Renewables 2021 Biofuels
Forecast summary Global demand for biofuels is set to grow by 41 billion litres, or 28%, over 2021-2026 in the main case. The recovery to pre-Covid-19 demand levels accounts for one-fifth of this demand growth. Government policies are the principal driver of the remaining expansion, but other factors such as overall transport fuel demand, costs and specific policy design influence where growth occurs and which fuels grow quickest. The combination of these influences pushes Asian biofuel production past that of Europe during the forecast period. Policies in the United States and Europe help demand for renewable…
-
Global Methane Tracker 2025 Policies
…to work together to collectively reduce global methane emissions from human activity (across all sources, not limited to energy) by at least 30% below 2020 levels by 2030. Cutting the world’s methane emissions by 30% over the next decade would have the same impact on global warming by mid-century as immediately shifting the global transport sector to net zero CO2 emissions.In 2024, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Guatemala and Madagascar joined the GMP, bringing the total number of participating countries to 159 (plus the European Union). The GMP now covers more than 50% of global methane emissions from human activity…
-
Sustainable Transport for Georgia: A Roadmap Transport in Georgia: Taking stock
Status and key developments Transportation is a key contributor to Georgia’s economic growth. Economic activity associated with transport and warehousing in the country has grown rapidly, outpacing gross domestic product (GDP). Between 2010 and 2022, transport’s contribution to GDP nearly tripled, increasing from 1.4 billion GEL (520 million USD) to 4.1 billion GEL (1.52 billion USD). In 2023, transport and storage combined contributed 6.5% to Georgia’s GDP.Transport and storage employed around 8% of Georgia’s workforce in 2023. Cargo movements spurred by Russia’s 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine pushed up…
