• Flagship report

        • Mar 2026

        Energy Technology Perspectives 2026 Executive summary

        …momentum, this report has been designed to help decision makers navigate uncertainties.Deployment of clean energy technologies rises in all IEA scenarios, but the extent to which the market value grows will depend on policy direction. The combined global market value for clean energy technologies has grown 20% on average per year over the past decade, to reach nearly USD 1.2 trillion in 2025. In the Current Policies Scenario (CPS), their global market value grows most slowly, but it still doubles to around USD 2 trillion in 2035, about the size of the global crude oil market in 2025…

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        • Country

        Croatia

        Croatia's National Energy Strategy 2009-2020 has three basic objectives: increase security of energy supply, develop competitive energy system and ensure sustainable energy sector development. These objectives are particularly important for the country, as it is heavily dependent on energy imports, resulting in its vulnerability to energy prices fluctuations.

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        • Energy system

        Wind

        Wind has significant potential to boost growth in global renewable capacity
        Electricity generation from renewables is expected to increase by 60% through 2030 – rising from 9 900 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2024 to 16 200 TWh by the end of the decade. Wind accounts for almost a third of growth, second only to solar PV, which accounts for 60%.
        Although wind power continues to face supply chain issues, rising costs and permitting delays today, global capacity is still expected to nearly double to over 2 000 gigawatts (GW) by 2030 as both advanced and developing economies tackle these barriers.
        Around…

        Wind turbine

        • Country

        Mali

        In recent years, the rate of access to electricity in Mali has surpassed 25%, thanks to a public focus on mini-grid solutions. The government of Mali now plans to increase hybridisation of its mini-grids by adding PV capacity to diesel power plants. In 2019, Mali’s energy mix was dominated by biofuels and wastes (65%) and oil products (32%), with coal and hydro accounting for the rest. In 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking and 52% had access to electricity. For electricity access, the country targets 70% access by 2025, 80% by…

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        • Country

        Russia

        Russia is the world’s second-largest producer of natural gas, behind the United States, and has the world’s largest gas reserves. Russia is the world’s largest gas exporter. In 2021 the country produced 762 bcm of natural gas, and exported approximately 210 bcm via pipeline.

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        • Sector

        Industry

        Industry

        • Country

        Malta

        The National energy policy of Malta was launched in December 2012. It lists decisions and actions that have already been implemented as well as measures aiming to ensure the sustainability of Malta's energy sector.

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        • Data set

        Monthly Oil Data Service (MODS) Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks

        …exports, stock changes, refinery intake and output, international marine bunkers and deliveries for inland consumption for 20 products. Data are in thousand metric tons.Stocks: comprehensive monthly coverage of industry and government-controlled stock data in individual OECD countries and for the three regions. Covers crude oil, NGL and feedstocks, motor gasoline, middle distillates and residual fuel oil. Data are in thousand barrels. Historical monthly data back to January 1988, data from 1984 to 1987 are available on a quarterly basis.Refinery Throughput: monthly, quarterly and annual assessments of total refinery throughputs for total OECD and total non-OECD regions…

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        • Commentary

        • 17 Feb 2026

        Sodium-ion battery momentum grows, but challenges remain

        …commentary sodium batteries Recent technological advances and investment announcements suggest dynamics are shifting for sodium-ion batteries Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as a new player in battery markets, offering opportunities to diversify battery chemistries and supply chains at a time of rising global demand for electric vehicles and energy storage. Developed in laboratories since the early 1980s, sodium-ion batteries operate on the same fundamental principles as lithium‑ion batteries – which currently dominate the market – yet their path to commercialisation has been markedly slower.While lithium-ion batteries entered commercial use in the 1990s – with the first electric vehicles appearing…

        • Country

        Azerbaijan

        Azerbaijan has one of the highest energy self-sufficiency ratios in the world as a major crude oil and natural gas producer. While the renewable sector has not seen as much attention, the government is now looking to stimulate investment and accelerate deployment, allowing for diversification of domestic energy consumption. In addition, the government is working on a new energy strategy that will set the stage for further policy shifts. Azerbaijan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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