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Integrating Distributed Energy Resources in China
Lessons from international experience Like no other country in the world, the People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”) is witnessing rapid growth in distributed energy resources (DERs), including rooftop solar photovoltaics, battery storage and electric vehicle (EV) chargers. As China advances towards its carbon peaking and neutrality goals, these resources offer a unique opportunity to support a more flexible, efficient and resilient power system, provided their integration is well-managed.This report analyses recent trends in DER deployment across China and highlights the emerging challenges their growth poses for power system planning and operation, calling for renewed attention to…
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Brazil 2025
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Brazil and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…
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Kenya 2024
…and the IEA, whose strong partnership achieved an important milestone in 2023 when Kenya joined the IEA family as an Association country.The review leverages the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA member countries to assess Kenya’s most pressing energy challenges and provide recommendations backed by international best practices, especially as Kenya revises its 2018 Energy Policy to adapt it to current energy trends and needs.The report highlights Kenya’s leadership in areas such as promoting universal access to modern energy and developing its renewable energy capacity, especially geothermal. It also encourages…
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Competitiveness
Multiple benefits of Energy Efficiency 2025 Energy efficiency provides multiple benefits. This page explores competitiveness. Why is energy efficiency important for competitiveness? Increasing energy efficiency can improve competitiveness at both the firm level – by reducing costs, improving operations and increasing product value – and at the country level, by reducing the amount of energy required to produce economic output. Key facts Today the world’s industries produce nearly 20% more value added with a given amount of energy, compared with two decades ago. In the industrial sector, energy management can lead to more than 10% in annual energy cost savings within…
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Oil Market Report - December 2025
…These brighter prospects extend to our 2026 forecast, which we have upgraded by 90 kb/d, to 860 kb/d y-o-y. Gasoil and jet/kerosene account for half of this year’s gains, with fuel oil losing ground to natural gas and solar in power generation. In 2026 petrochemical feedstocks will dominate growth, with their share rising to more than 60% from 40% in 2025.Global oil supply fell by 610 kb/d in November, extending the decline from September’s record of 109 mb/d to 1.5 mb/d. OPEC+ accounted for over three-quarters of…
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Lithium
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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The Implications of Oil and Gas Field Decline Rates
Much attention today focuses on uncertainties affecting the future evolution of oil and natural gas demand, with less consideration given to how the supply picture could develop. However, understanding decline rates – the annual rate at which production declines from existing oil and gas fields – is crucial for assessing the outlook for oil and gas supply and, by extension, for market balances.The International Energy Agency (IEA) has long examined this issue, and a detailed understanding of decline rates is at the heart of IEA modelling and analysis, underpinning the insights provided by the scenarios in the World Energy Outlook.This new…
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Korea 2025
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Korea and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025
…data centres and electrification. At the same time, electricity supply from renewables, natural gas and nuclear continues to grow, with all set to reach new milestones.This mid-year update follows the extensive Electricity 2025 report released in February, examining the latest trends and the outlook for the remainder of the year. It includes updated data for 2024 along with new forecasts for 2025 and 2026 covering areas such as global electricity demand, supply by fuel type, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from electricity generation. The report also analyses the latest developments in major economies including China, the European Union…
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Global EV Outlook 2025
Expanding sales in diverse markets Global EV Outlook 2025: Expanding sales in diverse markets The Global EV Outlook is an annual publication that reports on recent developments in electric mobility around the world. It is developed with the support of members of the Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI).The report draws on the latest data to assess trends in electric vehicle deployment, demand for their batteries and charging infrastructure. It considers recent policy developments and industry strategies shaping the outlook for electric vehicles in different markets. This edition features analysis of electric vehicle affordability, manufacturing and trade of electric cars and…
