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Global Energy Review 2026
…Energy Review 2026 This edition of the Global Energy Review provides the first full assessment of trends across the entire energy sector in 2025, with data for all fuels and technologies, all regions and major countries, and energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.The report covers estimates of energy demand by region and by source and fuel in 2025; developments in electricity demand and supply; deployment of selected energy technologies; and estimates of energy-related CO2 emissions. The report also assesses trends in energy intensity and analyses the impact of factors, such as weather effects, on energy demand and emissions.
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Battery Circularity
Innovation trends for a future source of critical materials This report provides new evidence on global innovation trends for technologies related to battery recycling. Based on the EPO’s unique and comprehensive worldwide patent databases and the IEA’s expert insights into the key issues for battery technologies, the report presents the very latest data as a guide to decision makers from the public and private sectors. It sheds light on the main locations of patenting, the leading patentors in the world and the technology categories receiving the most innovation attention.More than one in four cars sold globally in…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026
…this year's report considers the potential contributions of low-emissions hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives to enhancing energy security. It takes stock of deployment to date to assess the level of hydrogen uptake that could be achieved by 2030.This sixth edition of the Global Hydrogen Review includes novel analysis on what constitutes an acceptable cost for low-emissions hydrogen across multiple applications and regions. It concludes with a special focus chapter exploring challenges and opportunities for the development of new supply chains for low-emissions hydrogen-based products in Africa.The report is published alongside updates to the Hydrogen…
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The State of Energy Innovation 2026
The second edition of The State of Energy Innovation turns the spotlight on the technologies, policies and funders at the forefront of energy technology development. It provides a comprehensive assessment of recent progress and emerging challenges in energy technology innovation, drawing on over 150 innovation highlights from 2025 and a survey of practitioners across more than 40 countries. It analyses trends in public and corporate R&D spending, venture capital flows, patenting and policy, as well as providing an update on progress towards the 18 IEA Races to First in energy innovation. This data-driven approach informs policy makers, industry…
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Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap
…the Armenia Energy Policy Roadmap on Sustainable Transport presents a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for transforming the country’s mobility system into a sustainable and efficient transport system. The strategy seeks to deliver significant reductions in CO₂ emissions while strengthening regional connectivity, fostering economic development, and enhancing energy security. While Armenia has made notable progress in rolling out electric vehicles and electrifying its rail network, it still struggles with a high dependence on imported fossil fuels, a lack of data transparency and weak co-ordination among government agencies. This roadmap is structured to meet both short-term (2025-2030) and…
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Coal 2025
…generation in many countries as well as the single largest source of carbon dioxide emissions globally, placing it at the centre of international dialogues on energy. At a time of uncertainty and change for energy systems around the world, a range of different trends could shape coal markets in the years ahead.On the one hand, recent policy changes supporting coal could drive consumption higher, as could surging electricity demand in economies across the world, since two-thirds of global coal use today is for power generation. On the other, the rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity – particularly in China…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Ensuring a Skilled Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Workforce
…skills needs, and skills gaps across renewable energy, grids, and energy efficiency. It highlights the increased demand for skilled workers in these sectors and the need to address skilled labour shortages. The report identifies barriers which are currently hindering energy education and training. It also discusses policy measures aimed at attracting more people to the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors and providing them with the necessary training. The report includes new IEA analysis on online job postings in renewable energy and energy efficiency, and IEA modelling on energy employment from 2024 as the last full year of data available…
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Clean Energy Technology Supply Chain Data
Challenges and potential solutions Energy security in the Age of Electricity is inextricably linked to securing the supply chains for clean energy technologies and the equipment and materials used to manufacture them. As countries continue to pursue energy transitions and to direct investments to these technologies, guided by industrial strategies, a detailed understanding of their supply chains has an essential role to play. The availability of good-quality, timely data is crucial to gaining this understanding and to identifying and addressing supply chain vulnerabilities.This report is provided as an input to the discussions taking place as part of the…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025
…of the level of hydrogen adoption that could be achieved by 2030. This report includes a special chapter on Southeast Asia, exploring the region’s potential for the production and use of low-emissions hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels and products in the near term.The report is complemented by updates to the Hydrogen Production and Infrastructure Projects Database, and a new online Hydrogen Tracker that allows users to further explore announced projects for low-emissions hydrogen production and infrastructure deployment, hydrogen production costs by region and technology, and more than 1 000 hydrogen policy measures worldwide announced or implemented since…
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Demand and Supply Measures for the Steel and Cement Transition
…products, the need for large and capital-intensive technology demonstrations for near-zero emission production, and the larger demand signals that can be created by pooling commitments across borders. This report – produced at the request of the Climate Club yet generally applicable to policy discussions for industrial decarbonisation – offers considerations and options for governments to scale-up markets for near-zero and low-emissions steel and cement, while concurrently reducing reliance on high-emissions materials. It makes the case for why both demand-side and supply-side measures are important to kick-start markets for near-zero emissions materials, summarising…
