-
Strategic actions to support energy statistics
…Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The document focuses on three aspects of energy statistics central to the EU4Energy programme and the development of statistics in the focus region: improving energy data quality, but also ensuring that statistics publications do not stay on the shelf, by encouraging their wide dissemination and use to support policy-making. The document is available both in English and in Russian. It explains actions that could be undertaken to improve statistics, drawing on the experience of the IEA’s participation in regional energy statistics programmes (such as INOGATE and MEDSTAT), discussions…
-
Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries: Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia 2015
…Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan during 2013-14 and provides a summary of key recommendations for policy makers in the region. Energy policy analysis is conducted in line with the INOGATE Programme’s four main pillars of energy development: energy market convergence, energy security, sustainable development and investment attraction.
Started in 1996, the INOGATE Programme is one of the longest running energy technical assistance programmes funded by the European Union and works within the policy frameworks of the Baku Initiative and the Eastern Partnership. The INOGATE Programme co-operates with 11 partner countries to support reduction in… -
Moldova energy profile
…ro/content/analiza-indicatorilor-saraciei). Because the country lacks energy resources, it is almost wholly dependent on fossil fuel and electricity imports: only 20% of its energy demand was met by domestic sources in 2018. Natural gas, which serves most of its energy needs, was entirely imported from Russia via Ukraine up to the end of 2014. In August 2014 the Iasi-Ungheni gas interconnector between Romania and Moldova was commissioned, and became operational in 2015. Once at full capacity in 2020, the pipeline is expected to supply almost all the gas Moldova consumes, but not that of the Transnistria…
-
Moldova 2022
…Russian Federation. Moldova has made considerable efforts to diversify their supply sources and increase the security of both electricity and gas supply. Further integration with Europe for both gas and electricity imports is ongoing as Moldova prioritises moving away from Russian sources of energy. The March 2022 emergency synchronisation with ENTSO-E, triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, has pushed Moldova closer to full electricity trade with Europe. Since Moldova signed an Association Agreement with the European Union in 2014, it has been working to adopt core EU legislation. Moldova’s National Energy Strategy for 2030 reflects this work, with key…
-
20 Renewable Energy Policy Recommendations
Renewable energy has grown rapidly in recent years, especially in the electricity sector where renewables now account for the largest power capacity additions globally. However, renewables still account for only just above 10% of final energy consumption and the energy sector remains dominated by fossil fuels. Renewables need to increase further and faster to bring about an energy transition that achieves climate targets, ensures energy access for all, reduces air pollution and improves energy security. These 20 recommendations provide guiding principles for policy making, based on best practices observed across IEA member states and partner countries. They can be adapted…
-
Azerbaijan energy profile
Situated in the southern Caucasus region, Azerbaijan is bordered by the Caspian Sea to the east, Armenia and Georgia to the west, Russia to the north, and Iran to the south. Its population of 10.1 million occupies approximately 86 600 square kilometres, with Baku being the capital and largest city.Azerbaijan has undergone significant economic transformation since gaining independence in 1991, with its large oil and gas reserves driving strong growth in the 1990s and 2000s. However, its heavy dependence on extractive industries has left Azerbaijan exposed to the negative effects of oil price volatility.This report explores Azerbaijan’s energy sector…
-
System Integration of Renewables in Moldova: A Roadmap
This roadmap starts with an overview of the prevailing institutional framework related to the renewables and electricity sectors respectively, and the related policy landscape. The wider context of both the renewables and electricity sectors in Moldova is then outlined. This is followed by the body of the roadmap, which focuses on: Removing barriers to the deployment of renewables; Establishing flexible electricity markets with enhanced regional co-ordination; Enhancing technical flexibility of the power system. In these three focus areas, a substantial amount of knowledge, experience and expertise has already been accrued by other countries and regions in their own energy…
-
Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap
Buildings account for more than half of Moldova’s final energy consumption, with three-quarters of that used for space and water heating. At the same time, Moldova lacks domestic hydrocarbon resources and imports more than 80% of its primary energy. Heat pump technology offers Moldova an effective means of accelerating the transition in building heating.The recent expansion of Moldova’s solar and wind capacity also means that heat pumps can now play a greater role in cutting greenhouse gas emissions and lowering local air pollution. Finally, Moldovan’s 2024 referendum, endorsing the goal of European Union membership, underscores…
-
Energy Efficiency Policy in Azerbaijan: A Roadmap
Energy efficiency is playing an increasingly important role in Azerbaijan's energy transition. A new legal framework and corresponding policies and strategies, as well as a new dedicated fund for energy efficiency, signal that Azerbaijan is moving towards a more rational use of its domestic and imported energy resources. This is an opportune moment for Azerbaijan to implement all adopted policies and develop targeted actions on energy efficiency aligned with the country's climate commitments, building on progress made to date. Action on energy efficiency is more pertinent than ever for Azerbaijan. As host of COP 29 in 2024, Azerbaijan…
-
Azerbaijan 2021
Energy Policy Review Oil and gas continue to dominate Azerbaijan’s economy and provide most of its export and government revenue. While these resources have sharply raised the country’s living standards since the late 1990s and remain plentiful, the long-term outlook for this economic model is uncertain. Oil production is declining and major oil and gas importing countries have pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net-zero by mid-century, implying little demand three decades from now for oil or gas without carbon capture and storage.
This report assesses the energy sector and related economic challenges facing…