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Japan Natural Gas Security Policy
…are entirely in the form of liquefied natural gas, through 37 dedicated LNG import terminals. Japan’s natural gas supply is well diversified. In 2019, Australia was the largest supplier, representing less than half of total imports. There is no obligation for the industry to hold emergency gas stocks nor to report stock levels, which might hamper situational awareness in a disruption.Japan’s long-term gas security policy relies on diversifying its long-term supply contracts and on ensuring these contracts include enough flexibility to increase imports during an emergency. The country is very active both in the region…
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Renewables 2020
Analysis and forecast to 2025 In May 2020, the IEA market update on renewable energy provided an analysis that looked at the impact of Covid-19 on renewable energy deployment in 2020 and 2021. This early assessment showed that the Covid-19 crisis is hurting – but not halting – global renewable energy growth. Half a year later, the pandemic continues to affect the global economy and daily life. However, renewable markets, especially electricity-generating technologies, have already shown their resilience to the crisis. Renewables 2020 provides detailed analysis and forecasts through 2025 of the impact of Covid-19 on renewables in…
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The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
Whether we are boiling water to make tea, activating a home appliance or relaxing under a hot shower, our daily behaviours and choices at home are important drivers of energy consumption. In 2018, energy consumption from the residential sector represented 20% of the total energy demand in IEA countries. Individuals and households can adopt a variety of measures to optimise their energy consumption. Changes in our everyday habits can help to reduce home energy bills, lower carbon emissions and ease pressure on the power grid. Modest behaviour adustments can, over time, yield substantial energy savings on their own. Residential energy…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Austria 2002
…their natural gas and electricity suppliers. Austria has established an independent regulator and non-discriminatory third-party access rules. While reform of the gas sector is too recent to draw any meaningful conclusions, power sector reform has achieved mixed results. Industrial rates have fallen by up to 40% but residential rates have fallen little, if at all. Effective competition still faces obstacles including high system access charges and dominant incumbent suppliers who could wield market power and deter new entrants.
Austria’s commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 13% remains a major challenge. Total greenhouse gas emissions increased nearly… -
Austria 2020
…This report on Austria discusses the energy challenges facing the country and recommends possible solutions to help it achieve a secure and sustainable energy future.
Austria’s new government, which assumed office in January 2020, is committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2040 at the latest – 10 years earlier than the ambition set by the European Union. This will require Austria to substantially enhance decarbonisation efforts across all energy sectors. As in many other countries, decarbonising heat and transport is challenging. In fact, Austria’s emissions growth since 2014 is largely driven by the increase in final energy consumption in…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Austria 2007
…remain. The climate strategy revision in 2007 is commendably realistic, but uncertainty remains whether it will be sufficient, and whether renewables and energy efficiency are well-balanced within it. While Austria is strongly promoting an increase of renewables production by adopting challenging targets, it is less ambitious in the area of energy efficiency. To achieve the renewables target, their supply will have to double, leading to significant increases in costs. In energy efficiency, while Austria is leading in developing efficient building solutions, there are concerns about implementation, especially about the lack of ambition and divergence in building codes. Overall, energy…
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Austria 2026
…this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Austria and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA Member countries to assess Austria’s most pressing energy sector challenges and provide recommendations on how to address them, backed by international best practices. The report also highlights areas where Austria’s leadership can serve as an example in promoting secure and clean energy transitions. It…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Austria 2014 Review
Austria’s energy policy rests on three pillars: security of supply, energy efficiency, and renewable energy sources. The country’s decarbonisation drive has strengthened as the economy and renewable energy use have continued to grow, while fossil fuel use has decreased. Greenhouse gas emissions from energy use, which peaked in 2005, still need to be reduced further, and the transport sector offers prime opportunities for this. In the context of EU negotiations on an energy and climate policy framework to 2030, Austria should develop a strategy that also integrates security of supply and internal market dimensions. Austria should also encourage…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2008
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2008 This review takes an in-depth look at the energy challenges facing Japan today and provides critiques and recommendations for policy improvements to help guide the country towards a more sustainable energy future.
Declaring climate change and environment as a top priority of the 2008 G8 Summit in Hokkaido, host country Japan has demonstrated its commitment to pressing ahead in these domains. Already a world leader in advancing energy technology transfer and environmental policy, the country is determined to further improve its domestic policies, moving it towards a more sustainable… -
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2003
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Japan 2003 The International Energy Agency's 2003 review of Japan's energy policies and programmes. This edition finds that Japan has ratified the Kyoto protocol and is implementing its 2002 climate change plan. The country has developed an impressive range of policies to address rising CO2 emissions from the energy sector. Some of the measures could be strengthened however, and made more cost-effective. Industry’s use of Kyoto flexible mechanisms could also reduce costs.
Nuclear power plays a key role in Japanese energy policy, but the government’s objective of…