Data and statistics

Notable AI model training compute, 2014-2024

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Accuracy of AI models in selected benchmarks, 2018-2024

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Annual average market capitalisation of S&P 500 companies, November 2022 and November 2024

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Median valuations of United States-based start-ups, 2024

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Data centre electricity consumption in household electricity consumption equivalents, 2024

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Spatial concentration of various facilities versus proximity to urban areas, 2024

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Global venture capital investment by start-up sector, 2015-2024

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Total funding for low-emissions energy demonstrations by sector and status, 2022-2035

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Number of known start-ups in the areas of battery mineral diversification, energy and artificial intelligence, and CO2 removal, 2015-2024

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IEA Member country public spending on energy R&D as a share of GDP, 1975-2023

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Early- and growth-stage venture capital investment in energy start-ups, by technology area, 2010-2024

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Energy patenting of the five countries with the most applications, 2015-2022

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