Annual cost of owning a heat pump, gas and biomass boiler, with and without insulation measures, 2025

Last updated 19 Jun 2025

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Sources

IEA based on data from Eurostat (2025), Electricity prices for household consumers - bi-annual data (Data set, accessed 1 June 2025); Gas prices for household consumers - bi-annual data (Data set, accessed 1 June 2025); and national sources.

Notes

Costs are net of subsidy.

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