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Report
Apr 2026
Rare Earth Elements Executive summary
Rare earth elements have rapidly moved to the forefront of the energy and economic policy agenda Rare earth elements play a crucial role in a wide range of strategic applications, from energy, transport and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to aerospace, medical and defence systems. The wide range of applications, combined with highly concentrated supply chains, has elevated their importance in both energy and broader economic security discussions. Though relatively plentiful in the Earth’s crust, this set of 17 elements have garnered the label “rare” because economically viable concentrations are uncommon and they are seldom found in pure form. Their chemical…
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Contributor
Timur Gül
Chief Energy Technology Officer. Timur Gül, a German national, was appointed Chief Energy Technology Officer of the International Energy Agency (IEA) in October 2023. In this capacity, he oversees IEA analysis of innovative new and emerging clean energy technologies and their supply chains across a range of sectors. Mr. Gül is also Head of the Energy Technology Policy Division, with responsibility for the IEA’s flagship technology publication Energy Technology Perspectives, the IEA Energy Innovation Forum, the IEA’s Technology and Innovation Advisory Board as well as the IEA’s Technology Collaboration network.Having joined the IEA in 2009, Mr. Gül previously was a lead author of the IEA’s World Energy Outlook (WEO). Prior to his time at the IEA, he was a researcher at Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland.Timur Gül holds a PhD from the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (ETH) Zurich in Switzerland. He also holds a Master degree in Environmental Engineering from the Royal Institute...
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Technology report
Nov 2025
What Next for the Global Car Industry Present and future prospects of electric car manufacturing
Highlights New market-entrants focusing on electric car production are expanding rapidly. Pure-play electric car makers, especially those from China and US-based Tesla, are capturing a growing share of sales; some 45% of global electric car sales in 2024 are from pure-play electric car makers, compared to 35% in 2019. The growth in electric car sales affects both car makers and automotive suppliers, especially those producing powertrains and related components. The automotive supplier market is worth about USD 1.3 trillion, equivalent to over 40% of the global car market. For all components except batteries, companies from…
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Contributor
Ali Saffar
Head of Division for Europe, Middle East, Africa and Latin America. Ali Al-Saffar is the Middle East and North Africa programme manager at the International Energy Agency, leading the IEA’s engagement with the region and acting as a key advisor to the executive management. Prior to this role, he was an energy analyst at the Directorate for Sustainability, Technology and Outlooks, where he co-authored seven editions of the IEA’s flagship long-term forecast, the World Energy Outlook.
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