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Nkeiruka Onyejeocha
Minister of Labour and Employment, Nigeria.
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Implications of CPS and STEPS
Between continuity and change By 2035, energy demand in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) is around 35 exajoules (EJ) higher than in the Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS), a difference roughly equivalent to the current annual energy demand of the Middle East. All the extra energy required in the CPS compared to the STEPS comes from oil, natural gas and coal. In the absence of renewed geopolitical disruptions, markets for oil and natural gas appear well supplied in the coming years. But production from existing oil fields declines at a rate of 8% per year, if no investment is made, so it…
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Piotr Bojek
Energy Analyst - Renewable Energy Markets and Policies.
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Fatih Birol
Executive Director. As Executive Director of the International Energy Agency, Dr Fatih Birol (@fbirol) has positioned the IEA at the forefront of global efforts to advance a secure, affordable and sustainable energy system. Since taking office in 2015, he has modernised the Agency by broadening its energy security mandate beyond oil to include electricity, natural gas, renewables and critical minerals, strengthened the Agency's global leadership in clean energy transitions and expanded IEA membership to include major emerging countries. As a result, the IEA’s share of global energy demand coverage has increased from 40% to over 80%. He has also played a central role in the global response to major energy security emergencies, including those triggered by the invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the 2026 Strait of Hormuz crisis.Dr Birol joined the IEA in 1995 and steadily rose through the ranks from junior analyst to Chief Economist, where he oversaw the flagship World Energy Outlook. Throug...
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Edwin de Palma
Minister of Mines and Energy.
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Megan Woods
Minister of Energy and Resources. Megan Woods took office as New Zealand’s Minister of Energy and Resources in June 2017. Her other ministerial portfolios include Research, Science and Innovation. Prior to becoming a member of New Zealand’s parliament in 2011, Dr Woods worked at Plant & Food Research, a New Zealand-based science company.
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Mohammed Bin Hamed Al Rumhi
Minister of Oil and Gas.
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Act n°72 relating to tax on discharge of CO2 in the petroleum activities on the continental shelf (as amended in 2015)
…imprisonment for up to 3 months. (Sec. 7)As of 1 January 2017, the CO2 tax on natural gas venting was increased to match the CO2 tax on the flaring or combustion of natural gas.As of the 27th of February Norway has exempted businesses from their national climate tax on CO2 emissions if these businesses are otherwise covered under the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme. The changes will see taxes removed for domestic industry and aviation, and a reduced taxation rate for domestic shipping and chemical industries not covered under the ETS. These changes are part of a…
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Joint Communication to the European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions. EU External energy engagement in a changing world
…of wasted fossil gases, including methane, bundling those losses into meaningful products that can be sold to international buyers.With regards to critical raw materials, the EU will promote the following key actions: establish mutually beneficial raw material value chain partnerships, beyond Ukraine and Canada;strengthen cooperation on raw materials value chains with Norway under the EU-Norway Green Alliance;reinforce the use of EU economic and trade policy tools to ensure undistorted access to international markets;promote global resource efficiency and circularity, notably through product design measures; work with international organisations such as the OECD, the IEA and IRENA…
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Domestic Emissions Trading Scheme 2005-2007
…scheme, notably CO2 emissions from refineries and cement. New installations were covered by the emissions trading scheme and not the 20% GHG emissions reduction agreement. Accordingly, emissions trading applied to CO2 emissions in connection with: - Energy production (Combustion installations above 20 MW), - Mineral oil refineries, - Coke production, - Production and processing of iron and steel, including roasting and sintering of iron ore, - Production of cement, lime, glass, glass fibre and ceramic products. The scheme covered 51 installations, accounting for approximately 10-15% of total GHG emissions. In 2008, Norway linked its emissions trading system with the EU ETS (see separate entry).