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Country report
Dec 2025
China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 2. Southern power grid’s acquisition of Enel Peru distribution assets
Project overview and impact Latin America’s power systems face a growing need to modernise their electricity networks as clean energy deployment accelerates. While the region has seen a 25% increase in clean energy investment since 2015, grid spending has not kept pace, with less than USD 0.5 invested in networks and storage for every dollar spent on new generation. Strengthening distribution systems, especially in rapidly expanding urban areas, is essential to integrate more renewables. Peru is no exception. Although its electricity demand has grown steadily, network modernisation has lagged behind regional leaders, and the expansion of renewable capacity…
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Policy
Afghanistan
2019
EITI Standard
…Uganda, Ukraine, the United Kingdom and Zambia. Countries that previously implemented the EITI but withdrew or were delisted include Azerbaijan, Equatorial Guinea, Solomon Islands, the United States and Yemen. Supporting countries are not counted among members but contribute to the EITI through financial, technical and political support at the international level and in implementing countries. These countries assure the long-term funding of the EITI International Secretariat and are represented in the EITI Board and Board committees. Supporting countries/regions are Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the European Union, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom…
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Policy
Denmark
2011
Energy Strategy 2050
…2017, in all houses while biomass, biogas and solar thermal appliances will be strongly encouraged.
Denmark also targets the large scale deployment of offshore wind as well as dramatic growth in the wind manufacturing sector, and will fund research and development in for solar and wave power, support main demonstration projects for large heat pumps intended to be used in district heating plants and fund other geothermal energy research projects.
In order to generate revenues to finance the energy shift of the country, Denmark will introduce a public service obligation tax on electricity and gas, while tax on oil, gas… -
Policy
Denmark
1995
Green Tax Package 1995
…grew significantly between 1996 and 2001. EARLIER HISTORY OF ENERGY TAXATION IN DENMARK: Taxation of energy products has a long history in Denmark, dating back to the first tax on petrol introduced in 1917. As of 1980, taxation of a large number of products through the economy was motivated in part by environmental considerations and to save resources, especially energy. Energy taxes comprise taxes and duties on carbon dioxide, sulphur, electricity, natural gas, petrol and specific petroleum products. In 1991, energy taxes were reformed into an energy and carbon tax to reflect Denmarks environmental concerns. A large share of the…
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Contributor
Mary Burce Warlick
Deputy Executive Director. Mary Burce Warlick is the Deputy Executive Director of the International Energy Agency (IEA). A retired career diplomat and former U.S. Ambassador to Serbia, Ms. Warlick has held a variety of senior leadership positions at the U.S. Department of State, National Security Council and Department of Defense, serving in Washington and abroad. From 2014-2017 she served as the State Department’s Principal Deputy and Acting Special Envoy for International Energy Affairs and represented the U.S. on the IEA Governing Board Ms. Warlick holds a B.A. in Political Science and an M.A. in Law and Diplomacy.
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Contributor
Nadhilah Shani
Head of Power Generation and Interconnection Department, ASEAN Centre for Energy.
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