-
Country report
Sep 2023
Financing Clean Energy in Africa Mobilising capital for a sustainable future
Summary To mobilise the over USD 200 billion needed annually by 2030 under the Sustainable Africa Scenario (SAS), the full range of capital sources need to be deployed. Increasing concessional funding while simultaneously mobilising more private capital must be a priority; in parallel, strengthening domestic financial systems is vital to create sustainable long-term financing options.Despite their importance, the amount of concessional funds is not increasing in Africa. They are also failing to target some of the riskiest areas where they are most necessary, such as early-stage project financing, new technologies, and fragile or conflict-prone countries. It is urgent…
-
-
-
-
Fuel report
Nov 2025
Pledges to Progress 2025 Recommendations
The case for robust operational emissions reduction – backed by public disclosure to foster progress, transparency and accountability – has never been stronger. The increased regulatory and policy focus on reducing methane and flaring emissions from oil and gas production, the degree of cost-effectiveness in pursuing reductions, and the uptake among industry, investors and others suggest that all stakeholders are well aware of the opportunity for climate mitigation and operational efficiency.In many cases, large improvements in company scores could be achieved with better reporting and increased transparency, especially since companies are likely to be doing more than they are disclosing…
-
-
-
Report
Oct 2025
Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Cement and concrete
State of the transition Emissions Total CO2 emissions are higher today than in 2015. Reductions in recent years have come from declines in global production, while direct CO2 emissions intensity remains unchanged.Both need to fall in the coming years to get on track for net zero by 2050, with contributions from improved material efficiency, greater use of alternative fuels and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and CCS. Cost Production costs for early commercial plants for near-zero emissions cement using CCS are estimated to be 75-150% higher than today’s conventional plants, varying by region.This cost premium will…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
-
+ 4 pages
-
Contributor
Tim Gould
Chief Energy Economist. Tim Gould was appointed the Agency's Chief Energy Economist in 2021. As Chief Energy Economist, he provides strategic advice on energy economics across a wide range of IEA activities and analysis. Mr Gould is also Head of the Office of the Chief Energy Economist, in which capacity he co-leads the World Energy Outlook, the IEA's flagship publication series, and oversees the Agency's work on investment and finance, including the World Energy Investment report.Mr Gould joined the IEA in 2008, initially as a specialist on Russian and Caspian energy, and in recent years has designed and directed a wide range of IEA analytical outputs, while continuing to contribute also as an author. Prior to joining the IEA, Mr Gould worked on European and Eurasian energy issues in Brussels and has ten years of experience in Eastern Europe, primarily in Ukraine. He graduated from Oxford University and has a post-graduate diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies of J...
-