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Grid investments
Multiple benefits of Energy Efficiency 2025 Energy efficiency provides multiple benefits. This page explores grid investments. Why is energy efficiency important for grid investments? As we enter the Age of Electricity, global electricity demand is rising rapidly – and so is the demand for the expansion of electricity grids. Energy efficiency can help close the gap between supply and demand, but often at a lower cost, and more quickly, than new generation and grid expansion. Key facts On average, energy efficiency costs less than half the amount it would cost to build new generation capacity and grid infrastructure, per unit of…
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How governments can best support consumers during this energy crisis
How governments can best support consumers during this energy crisis The conflict in the Middle East has triggered a major shock to global energy markets, with the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz triggering the largest supply disruption in the history of oil markets and significantly impacting supplies of natural gas and a range of energy-related commodities.As concerns over supply security have grown, prices have risen across several parts of the energy system, increasing pressure on household budgets, public finances and economic activity more broadly. In response, many governments have announced emergency measures to protect consumers from…
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CCUS Projects Database
…Storage Association (K-CCUS); Leilac; Ministry of Climate Policy and Green Growth, the Netherlands; Ministry of Energy & Infrastructure, United Arab Emirates; Ministry of Energy, Norway; Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty, France; MissionZero Technologies; Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Government of Canada; New Energy Technology Research Institute (NETRI), China Energy; Octavia Carbon; Ørsted; Pannonia Bio Carbon Removal; RenGas; RepAir; Repsol; RWE; Sirona Technologies; SLB Capturi; Sweden Energy Agency; TotalEnergies; UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero; US Department of Energy (DOE); Verso Energy.If you have any feedback or questions, or would like to suggest a…
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Oil 2025
Analysis and forecast to 2030 Global oil markets have so far had a turbulent 2025. Heightened trade tensions and uncertainty have weighed on the world economy and, by extension, oil demand growth. Combined with the recent OPEC+ decision to accelerate the unwinding of oil production curbs that have been in place for several years, these factors have recently pushed international oil prices to four-year low in April and early May. At the same time, shifts in energy policies are affecting oil producers and consumers alike, with oil supply security remaining high on the international energy policy agenda.Oil 2025…
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Gas Market Report, Q1-2026
Natural gas markets continued to rebalance in 2025. Global LNG supply returned to double-digit growth in the second half of the year, supported by the ramping-up of new LNG liquefaction projects in the United States, Canada and Africa. This strong growth is gradually easing market fundamentals and contributing to a more secure and resilient global gas market.Global LNG supply growth is set to accelerate further in 2026, fostering a stronger increase in natural gas demand, which is expected to reach a new all-time high. Although the LNG supply growth is reducing market tightness, geopolitical tensions and…
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Best Practices and Insights to Expand Clean Energy Access and Adoption
This report was commissioned by the European Commission to serve as a technical repository of analysis and evidence-based practices in support of the Campaign on Sustainable Lifestyles, Fairness and Access to Clean Energy Technologies. The analysis presented draws on discussions and research shared during the Widening Participation in Clean Energy workshop held in Brussels, contributions presented at the official all-member meetings of the Campaign on Sustainable Lifestyles, and the IEA’s analytical work in areas such as people-centred clean energy transitions, affordability, energy efficiency and clean energy access.This work is organised into three chapters, each corresponding…
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Electricity Market Design
Building on strengths, addressing gaps Electricity markets play a central role in balancing supply and demand, guiding operational decisions and shaping investment outcomes. As systems change with higher shares of variable generation, greater decentralisation and evolving patterns of electricity use, the ability of market designs to deliver secure and affordable electricity has never been more critical. If market arrangements do not keep pace with these developments, the functioning of electricity systems could become more uncertain and more costly.This report provides a cross-regional assessment of how wholesale electricity markets and their complementary policy mechanisms are performing today. We find…
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Russia's War on Ukraine
The new energy world The global energy landscape has changed dramatically The energy sector continues to feel the effects of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which in February 2022 sparked the first truly global energy crisis. Two years on, energy prices have pulled back from record highs, but trends vary widely among regions. In many parts of the world, prices are still elevated – holding back economic growth, straining the finances of households and businesses, and complicating efforts to improve access to electricity. Energy markets, faced with an unusually high degree of geopolitical uncertainty, remain on edge.In Ukraine, the energy sector…
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Financing the Modernisation of Power Systems Beyond Coal Executive summary
The role of coal in power systems is evolving This report assesses the potential applications, limitations and relevance of transition credits in Southeast Asia. Coal is the largest source of power generation worldwide and the largest source of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions. All Southeast Asian countries with coal in their power generation mix have adopted commitments to reduce coal-fired generation or emissions targets that imply a significant decline in coal consumption in the coming decades. To meet these targets, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has long emphasised that a range of strategies can be deployed to reduce coal…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Southeast Asia’s energy challenges and emerging opportunities
The Middle East crisis has exposed Southeast Asia’s vulnerability to fossil fuel supply shocks and the limits of short-term emergency responses. Before the crisis, around 60% of the region’s crude oil imports and a third of its gas imports came from the Middle East, while 45% of its oil product supply was linked to Middle Eastern crude once refinery feedstocks and indirect product trade are included. Governments have responded with demand-reduction measures, tax relief, subsidies, price caps and targeted support to cushion households and firms from higher fuel and electricity costs. However, these measures add to…
