-
Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key findings
…introduced around the world. High natural gas prices during the height of the global energy crisis in 2022 strengthened interest in the potential for biogases, driving growth in biogas consumption. Today’s sustainable production potential for biogases is nearly 1 000 bcme, equivalent to a quarter of global natural gas demand. By 2050, this increases to nearly 1 400 bcme with average costs falling by 20%, driven primarily by increased crop yields, technological learning effects and economies of scale. 80% of the sustainable potential for producing biogases is in emerging market and developing economies, led by Brazil, China and India…
-
World Energy Outlook 2022 Outlook for gaseous fuels
…2030 at around 4 400 billion cubic metres (bcm) through to 2050, with growth in emerging market and developing economies offset by declines in advanced economies. In the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS), demand soon peaks and is 10% lower than 2021 levels by 2030. In the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) Scenario, demand falls by 20% to 2030, and is 75% lower than today by 2050.Global natural gas demand in 2050 in this year’s version of the STEPS is 750 bcm lower than projected in last year’s version. Half of this downward revision comes from more rapid moves away…
-
Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Policy response to the crisis
…cross-border trade in natural gas flourished with the standardisation of capacity bookings and the deepening of liquidity at trading hubs across the continent. Additionally, EU policy and regulation emphasised the importance of adequate infrastructure and its efficient use. These measures supported continued investment in interconnections with financial support and accelerated permitting for key cross-border infrastructure projects through Projects of Common Interest and Projects of Mutual Interest. The measures also introduced bidirectional flow obligations at cross-border pipeline interconnection points between member states.The European Union’s gas market design – the product of a long-term and concerted regulatory…
-
Honduras
In 2014, Honduras approved a new Law of Electrical Industry, which establishes technology-specific auctions for renewable energy. 75% of the population has access to electricity in the country and only 48% can rely on clean cooking facilities.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
-
+ 5 pages
![Honduras Flag]()
-
Oil Market Report - August 2025
…a 46-month high of 7 836 mb. The increase was underpinned by swelling volumes of oil on water, and rising stocks of both Chinese crude and US gas liquids, while other inventories mostly declined. OECD industry stocks fell by 28.8 mb in June to hover near decade-lows of 2 758 mb, 88 mb below a year ago.Benchmark crude oil prices were largely unchanged in July, with North Sea Dated oscillating around $70/bbl as easing trade tensions and tighter sanctions against Russia were set against the outlook for a comfortably supplied market. By early August, however…
-
Mexico
Mexico’s energy and economic profile presents both challenges and opportunities as a major oil producer, exporter and through its growing domestic energy demand. Mexico was the first large oil producing emerging economy to adopt climate legislation in 2012 and has seen growth in renewable electricity generation from wind and solar, which almost tripled from 2015 to 2022. However, strong action is needed across all sectors to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and bring down greenhouse gas emissions.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
-
+ 5 pages
![Mexico Flag]()
-
From farms to fuel: Ukraine’s biomethane opportunity for energy security and European decarbonisation
…and market barriers. Ukraine’s structural advantages in biomethane production Ukraine’s 33 million hectares of agricultural land provide access to substantial feedstock volumes spanning agricultural waste and residues, cover crops, agro-industrial by-products and organic municipal solid waste. The IEA estimates Ukraine’s biogas and biomethane production potential, using only waste and residues, at roughly 11.6 billion cubic meters equivalent (bcme) per year, making it the European leader in terms of available feedstock. Ukraine’s biomethane sector benefits from another advantage in addition to feedstock availability: well-developed domestic gas infrastructure. The country’s extensive gas network…
-
South Africa
Coal is the mainstay of the South African energy system, meeting around 70% of installed power generation capacity. The 2019 Integrated Resource Plan however sets out a long-term diversification of the power mix by 2030 and moves towards lightening the carbon footprint of the energy sector while meeting growing energy demand and ensuring a socio-economically just transition. While the options to diversify the country's electricity mix appear diverse, the affordability of electricity supply looms as a key concern and a potential constraint on diversification. The structure of consumption and of spending on electricity is skewed towards higher…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
-
+ 5 pages
![South Africa Flag]()
-
Mozambique 2024
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Mozambique and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…
-
Oil Market Report - April 2026
…East and ongoing restrictions to tanker movements through the Strait of Hormuz leading to the largest disruption in history. OPEC+ production fell 9.4 mb/d m-o-m to 42.4 mb/d while non-OPEC+ supply declined 770 kb/d m-o-m to 54.7 mb/d, as lower Qatari output offset gains in Brazil and the United States.Global crude throughputs continue to struggle with disruptions to feedstock supplies and infrastructure damage that are tightening global product markets. In April, Middle East and feedstock-constrained refineries in Asia have cut runs by around 6 mb/d…
