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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Transport
Introduction Private cars and vans were responsible for more than 25% of global oil use and around 10% of energy-related CO2-emissions in 2023. Doubling global annual energy intensity improvement by 2030 would require the efficiency of cars to improve by 5% each year. An integrated policy approach combining regulation, information and incentives is the most effective way to achieve this goal.Regulations such as fuel economy standards and heavy-duty vehicle standards encourage manufacturers to introduce more efficient vehicles, thereby significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Countries with regulations and/or efficiency-based purchase incentives in place improve efficiency…
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Blueprint for Action on Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
Global Commission on People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions: Designing for Fairness June 2025 This year’s G20 President, South Africa, is placing a major focus on just and inclusive energy transitions. This builds on Brazil’s 2024 G20 Presidency which elevated just and inclusive energy transitions as a priority on the global agenda. Under Brazil’s Presidency, the G20 leaders endorsed ten voluntary Principles for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions. The Global Commission believes these principles form a powerful framework for how governments, each navigating their own set of circumstances, can proceed with clean energy transitions that provide benefits and…
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Italy
Italy aims for carbon neutrality by 2050 and is on track to reach its 2030 targets for emissions reductions and energy efficiency, aiming to reach 30% of renewables in total energy consumption and 55% of renewables in electricity generation. The country has experienced notable growth in the renewable energy sector and has successfully integrated large volumes of variable renewable generation. Natural gas is a major source for electricity and heating, therefore Italy has strengthened its energy security by diversifying natural gas supply, making use of the pipeline and LNG infrastructure that it has built up over the last decade. Reducing…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Investment and innovation
…in 2025. Aviation attracted the largest share of hydrogen VC, with almost 25%.Hydrogen company valuations are being driven to new highs by one firm, while returns show modest signs of stabilisation and recovery. Bloom Energy stands out, adding almost USD 80 billion in market capitalisation in the past year, as surging electricity demand from AI data centres and long gas turbine backlogs boost prospects for its fuel cells, albeit initially running on natural gas.Multiple hydrogen technologies have advanced towards commercial deployment since 2020, but maturity remains uneven. High-capture CCUS-based hydrogen production has yet to be demonstrated, while hydrogen…
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Alexander Bressers
Senior Oil Market Analyst.
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Transport
Transport
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Eritrea
Less than half of the population of Eritrea has access to electricity. Most of the country's electricity generation comes from imported oil.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Progress summary dashboard
Progress summary dashboard
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India Bioenergy Market Report Executive summary
Bioenergy is particularly important for India’s rapidly growing energy market. It can strengthen energy security, reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels, create economic development and employment opportunities - especially in rural communities - and contribute to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. These benefits align closely with national energy and climate objectives, enabling India to leverage its domestic resources to support cleaner energy growth. India’s abundant agricultural residues and organic waste provide a strong resource base for modern bioenergy production.India’s ethanol industry has emerged as one of the country’s most successful policy-driven energy stories. Backed by a suite…
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Setting the scene
…global investments today. However, these headline numbers often mask a persistent trend: a gaping regional imbalance in global energy investment. After removing the share of investment going towards advanced economies and People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”), emerging market and developing economies (EMDE) other than China account for around 27% of total energy investment and 18% of clean energy investment. With the bulk of future energy and electricity demand expected to be driven by EMDE, this disparity influences their ability to deliver secure, affordable energy transitions aligned with their development objectives. From around USD 875 billion today, energy investment in…
