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Prospects for Natural Gas Certification Executive summary
Governments and industry are working to improve resource efficiency and reduce emissions from natural gas supply – from both domestic production and imports – to help deliver on their climate goals, while also looking to improve energy security. One emerging approach is natural gas certification, which can help buyers make more informed decisions by providing independently verified greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity data at select stages of the supply chain, from production and processing to storage and transport, but excluding final consumption. This can support the implementation of best practices throughout the entire supply chain, and help importing countries and regions better understand…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Steel
…as in 2024, at just over 80 Mt. Of this, 25 Mt has plans to operate as near-zero emissions by 2030 but comes from early-stage projects. The rest plan to operate using natural gas initially, with unclear timelines for transitioning to full near-zero emissions .Getting on track with the NZE Scenario will require accelerating these near-zero emissions capable projects to run as fully near-zero emissions by 2030. Success statements Global interoperability between leading existing definitions and standards for near-zero and low-emissions steel is established, and existing emissions measurement methodologies are made more transparent, interoperable and…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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Brazil
…and in demand for transport fuels on the back of robust economic growth and a burgeoning middle class.
Large hydropower plants account for around 80% of domestic electricity generation, making the Brazilian electricity mix one of the cleanest in the world. Continued expansion of hydropower is increasingly constrained by the remoteness and environmental sensitivity of a large part of the remaining resource. PV projects (utility scale and distributed) will represent nearly 70% of all additions in the coming years. Reliance on other sources for power generation is also growing, notably natural gas, wind (on-shore and off-shore) and bioenergy…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Battery storage
…Just five years ago, the market share of LFP batteries in deployments was well below 50%. Around 80% of new battery capacity in 2025 was utility‑scale. The remainder was behind-the-meter capacity installed by commercial and residential consumers. Battery storage durations are gradually lengthening. While most projects still cluster around two hours, an increasing number can be deployed for four hours or more, reflecting the growing value of flexibility in systems with rising shares of PV.China continued to lead battery deployment in 2025, accounting for around 60% of global additions, followed by the United States and Europe. However…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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The Future of Electricity in the Middle East and North Africa
…region’s climate, characterised by extreme heat and water scarcity, implies that reliable and resilient electricity systems are integral to meeting soaring demand for cooling and water desalination. This outlook provides an unprecedented regional overview of demand patterns for cooling and water desalination including country-level data.How countries across the region meet this increased demand will have profound implications for the region’s economic future but also for global energy markets. This report also explores the challenges and opportunities to sustainably meet electricity demand growth by exploring the potential of both demand and supply side policies and measures. Translation
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Renewables in District Energy Executive summary
District energy is a strategic lever for energy security and emissions reduction District energy supplies around 10% of global final energy consumption for heat. As heating and cooling account for more than half of global end-use energy consumption today, this corresponds to around 5% of total energy consumption. District heating and cooling systems offer an efficient, large-scale solution for energy diversification in areas with sufficiently dense demand. By producing heat or cold centrally and distributing it through insulated networks, district energy systems can integrate diverse energy sources - including renewables - optimise demand management at scale, and support coordinated infrastructure…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Electric vehicle charging
Charging electric light-duty vehicles Public chargers have doubled since 2022 to reach more than 5 million Access to public charging points is key to supporting mass adoptionHome charging remains the most popular way to charge for EV owners. However, more public chargers are needed to support mass adoption of EVs among segments of the population without access to home chargers. In 2024, more than 1.3 million public charging points were added to the global stock, representing an increase of more than 30% compared to the previous year. Just the charging points added in 2024 were approximately equal to the…
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Latvia
Latvia is undertaking its energy transition with some promising results to date, with the goal to reduce total greenhouse gas emissions (without land use, land-use change and forestry) by 65% from 1990 levels by 2030 and to achieve net zero by 2050. It has made inroads on the share of renewable energy in its fuel mix, with sizeable shares of bioenergy and hydropower.
Renewable energy sources dominate its electricity mix, in particular, accounting for around three-quarters of domestic generation. Other sectors, notably transport and buildings, continue to consume large amounts of energy and rely on dated infrastructure that…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Setting the scene
Regional imbalances in energy investment Global energy investment has steadily risen over the past decade and reached over USD 3.3 trillion for the first time in 2025. Clean energy investment trends are especially notable – with investments in a range of clean energy technologies and infrastructure, taken together, accounting for nearly two-thirds of global investments today. However, these headline numbers often mask a persistent trend: a gaping regional imbalance in global energy investment. After removing the share of investment going towards advanced economies and People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”), emerging market and developing economies (EMDE) other than…
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Beyond NMC batteries: Supply chain issues for emerging battery technologies
…as early as 2030. Refined manganese is another emerging bottleneck, critical for not only many nickel-based chemistries, but also leading sodium-ion chemistries and LMFP. Based on the project pipeline, battery-grade manganese sulphate supply would only cover 55% of demand in the STEPS in 2035. China currently dominates both global PPA production (three-quarters of global supply) and battery-grade manganese sulphate production (95% of global supply). Sodium-ion batteries offer some upstream diversification potential, but their downstream supply chain remains dominated by China Given the growing importance of LFP batteries and other emerging chemistries, and the concentration…
