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Oil Market Report - November 2025
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand growth rebounded to 920 kb/d in 3Q25, mainly due to stronger deliveries in China. The third-quarter increase was more than double 2Q25’s 430 kb/d y-o-y expansion, as the macroeconomic picture broadly improved on easing trade tensions. Worldwide…
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Indicators Handbook for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
Global Commission on People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions: Designing for Fairness The Indicators Handbook is based on the voluntary G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions, endorsed by G20 leaders in November 2024. The principles, which reflect varying perspectives, contexts and experiences, form a framework for approaching transitions that maximises benefits and mitigates the risk of unintended consequences. Designed as a technical resource, the Indicators Handbook provides guidance for governments and other stakeholders on identifying relevant indicators as a first step towards tracking policy design and implementation in line with the G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions. The Handbook…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Key findings
All major energy fuels and technologies grew in 2025 – but at very different rates. Overall global energy demand growth slowed to 1.3%, just below the average for the previous decade. Slower economic growth and slower growth in energy-intensive industries in some regions, lower cooling demand, and faster efficiency improvements all contributed to slower demand growth.Solar PV, the largest single source of growth, met more than 25% of higher demand, followed by natural gas, which contributed 17%. This was the first time on record that a modern renewable source contributed the largest share of global energy demand growth…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Efficient Grid-Interactive Buildings in India
Status and opportunities This report assesses the opportunities for efficient grid-interactive buildings (EGIBs) to support India’s clean energy transition. EGIBs unite energy efficiency, smart digital technologies and demand-side flexibility, allowing them to optimise energy use, shift or reduce peak demand and better align consumption with renewable energy generation.The buildings sector is central to clean energy transitions in a context where rapidly increasing electricity demand is driven by cooling and appliance use, and the share of variable renewable energy in electricity generation is continuously growing. Without targeted action, unmanaged peak loads and variable supply could jeopardise grid…
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Gaining an Edge Energy demand and competitiveness
Energy is at the centre of competitiveness amid high costs, growing demand, and rising trade pressures Energy is a vital input into all productive sectors of the economy. In an environment of fierce global competition and shifting trade patterns, energy costs are a major determinant of long-term investment, jobs and business competitiveness. Finding ways to reduce energy costs while producing more or better products is good for both profitability and overall economic growth. While energy prices are volatile in many countries, recent high prices combined with instability and fragmentation in energy markets have widened energy price gaps between regions…
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Germany 2025
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions and combatting the climate crisis. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Germany and the IEA. It draws…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Policies
Highlights Announced public funding for low-emissions hydrogen decreased by nearly two-thirds compared to the Global Hydrogen Review 2024 (GHR-24), to a cumulative USD 38 billion, but a larger share of funds is now making its way to specific projects. Several programmes in the European Union, India, Japan and United Kingdom have progressed to the second phase or beyond, with new calls building on learning from the first phase.Almost 90% of the public funding comes from advanced economies; other policy instruments like land allocation, tax incentives and reduced administrative procedures remain more common among emerging markets. The supply side still receives…
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Mauritania
In 2019, Mauritania’s energy mix was dominated by oil products (65%) and biofuels and waste (32%). In 2020, 43% of the population had access to clean cooking which is the highest share in West Africa. In 2020, 47% of the population had access to electricity. For electricity access, the country targets universal access in urban areas and doubling of the current rate in rural areas by 2024, with country-wide universal access by 2030. For clean cooking, the target is 100% access to LPG in urban areas and 50% access to LPG in rural areas by 2030.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Lebanon
The government of Lebanon launched the "National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action" in 2010 a mechanism dedicated to the financing of green energy projects in the country. Private sector entities can apply for subsidised loans for any type of environmentally friendly projects.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Investment and innovation
Capital spending on low-emissions hydrogen projects reached nearly USD 7 billion in 2025, nearly double the 2024 level and equal to 0.7% of global investment in energy supply. Investment in electrolysis overtook investment in carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS)-based hydrogen, thanks to a stronger pipeline, higher capital intensity and faster project progress, and could account for around 70% of nearly USD 10 billion in investment in 2026.China and Europe lead committed electrolysis projects, with China accounting for more than 60% of capacity by 2026 and 25% of estimated investment. Europe represents less than 20% of capacity but 45% of…
