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Clean Energy Technology Supply Chain Data Executive summary
…future demand and diversify supply, or the potential to develop a competitive manufacturing base in a particular country to position it in a given clean energy supply chain. To reduce vulnerabilities in the supply chain, better data could help uncover a given country or industry’s exposure to a particular trade partner for a given technology, or to a potential increase in price for a certain material or component. Such data could also help identify opportunities to increase strategic trade partnerships for a particular mineral, material component or technology.There is currently no authoritative “one-stop-shop” source for energy…
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Australia
…Net Zero emissions by 2050, while ensuring a just and inclusive energy transition through the guidance of the Net Zero Authority under the Prime Minister’s office. By 2030, the government aims to reach the clean electricity target of 82% of renewable energy. In addition to this target, Australia is implementing a new 2030 critical minerals strategy and gas market reforms to boost energy security during the transition. Flexibility, fuel availability and resilient infrastructure will become even more vital as Australia’s energy system incorporates very high shares of variable renewables and faces more frequent and more extreme weather events.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Aluminium
Aluminium
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Global Energy Review 2026 Natural gas
…offsetting oil use. By contrast, demand in the Asia Pacific region effectively flatlined, with growth at its lowest level since the 2022 energy crisis. The buildings sector emerged as the largest driver of global gas demand growth in 2025, due to cold weather The contribution of the buildings sector to growth in natural gas demand increased sharply in 2025, reaching almost 70%. By contrast, the industrial and power sectors, which together accounted for around 65% of incremental gas demand in 2024, saw much weaker growth. Industry demand stayed flat, while gas-fired power generation rose only slightly. A number of…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Powering Ireland’s Energy Future Executive summary
…a long track record of transforming its power system while managing strong electricity demand growth. In 2024, Ireland supplied about one-third of its electricity from wind, four times the global average and second only to Denmark among countries with gigawatt-scale systems. That made wind the second largest source of electricity in Ireland behind natural gas, which had a share of more than 40%. This achievement – the result of pioneering initiatives to integrate renewables – is outstanding for a relatively small, island-based grid, and it was managed as annual electricity demand grew by about 20% between 2015 and 2023…
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Gaining an Edge Summary for policymakers
…20% more value for a given amount of energy than they could two decades ago. This progress has yielded significant benefits at the country level. G20 countries have doubled their economic output from industry and services since 2000 while only using 60% more energy, with efficiency gains resulting in cumulative savings equivalent to India’s entire primary energy consumption.However, the recent global slowdown in industrial efficiency progress risks weakening firms’ competitiveness. The industrial sector is responsible for around 80% of the growth in global energy demand since 2019, yet its energy intensity has remained largely unchanged over the same…
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Latvia
Latvia is undertaking its energy transition with some promising results to date, with the goal to reduce total greenhouse gas emissions (without land use, land-use change and forestry) by 65% from 1990 levels by 2030 and to achieve net zero by 2050. It has made inroads on the share of renewable energy in its fuel mix, with sizeable shares of bioenergy and hydropower.
Renewable energy sources dominate its electricity mix, in particular, accounting for around three-quarters of domestic generation. Other sectors, notably transport and buildings, continue to consume large amounts of energy and rely on dated infrastructure that…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Energy and Climate Model Techno-economic inputs
…the (often more widely quoted) numbers for proven reserves. Resource estimates are subject to a considerable degree of uncertainty, as well as the distinction in the analysis between conventional and unconventional resource types.Overall, the remaining technical recoverable resources of fossil fuels remain similar to those in the World Energy Outlook 2024. All fuels are at a level sufficient to meet the projections of global energy demand growth to 2050 in all scenarios. Remaining technically recoverable resources of US tight oil (crude plus condensate) total more than 210 billion barrels. Natural gas resource numbers remain broadly similar to those of last…
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Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap
As a part of the EU4Energy Programme, the Armenia Energy Policy Roadmap on Sustainable Transport presents a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for transforming the country’s mobility system into a sustainable and efficient transport system. The strategy seeks to deliver significant reductions in CO₂ emissions while strengthening regional connectivity, fostering economic development, and enhancing energy security. While Armenia has made notable progress in rolling out electric vehicles and electrifying its rail network, it still struggles with a high dependence on imported fossil fuels, a lack of data transparency and weak co-ordination among government agencies. This roadmap is structured to…
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Oil Market Report - November 2025
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand growth rebounded to 920 kb/d in 3Q25, mainly due to stronger deliveries in China. The third-quarter increase was more than double 2Q25’s 430 kb/d y-o-y expansion, as the macroeconomic picture broadly improved on easing trade tensions. Worldwide…
