• Energy system

        Lighting

        Country and regional highlights
        Prominent progress in increasing standards and labels for lighting
        CO2 emissions
        CO2 emissions by lighting increased marginally in 2022, despite increased uptake of efficient lamps
        Energy
        Increased energy demand for service lighting more than offset a drop in residential lighting in 2022
        Activity
        Increasing building space and population is driving additional demand for lighting
        Technology deployment
        LED is now the leading lighting technology in homes

        Lighting Jpg

        • Commentary

        • 04 Feb 2026

        Canada is set to play a leading role in supplying the world with responsibly produced critical minerals

        …multiple stages of the supply chain domestically. It also has the potential to significantly scale up production capacity. Canada’s lithium reserves, for instance, could supply around half of cumulative global demand from 2030 to 2050. Canada, which hosts about half of the world’s publicly listed mining and exploration companies, is already a major centre for the global mining industry. Though mineral mining takes place in every province and territory, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec and Saskatchewan account for about three-quarters of total exploration spending domestically and 85% of total capital expenditure. Large urban cities such as Toronto and Vancouver…

        • Contributor

        Bruno Idini

        Energy Analyst. Bruno Idini leads the IEA’s work on SDG 7 within the World Energy Outlook team. He was one of the lead authors on the IEA’s Africa Energy Outlook, and the IEA’s World Energy Employment among other reports. He coordinates IEA’s co-custodianship on Tracking Progress on Sustainable Development Goal 7. Bruno also supports senior management engagement with external partners, drafting speeches and briefing notes. Prior to joining the IEA, Bruno carried out various research projects on energy, including on small-scale hydropower systems in Peru, and the opportunities and challenges for solar PV in Ghana.

        • Country

        Honduras

        In 2014, Honduras approved a new Law of Electrical Industry, which establishes technology-specific auctions for renewable energy. 75% of the population has access to electricity in the country and only 48% can rely on clean cooking facilities.

        Honduras Flag

        • Contributor

        Kira West

        Former World Energy Outlook Analyst.

        • Energy system

        Data Centres and Data Transmission Networks

        CO2 emissions
        Data centres and data transmission networks are responsible for 1% of energy-related GHG emissions
        Energy
        Strong efficiency improvements have helped to limit growth in energy demand from data centres globally
        Activity
        Emerging services and technologies such as streaming, cloud gaming, blockchain, artificial intelligence, machine learning and virtual reality are poised to boost demand for data services
        Renewable energy
        Policy
        Private sector initiatives

        Data Networks Jpg

        • Contributor

        Tim Gould

        Chief Energy Economist. Tim Gould was appointed the Agency's Chief Energy Economist in 2021. As Chief Energy Economist, he provides strategic advice on energy economics across a wide range of IEA activities and analysis. Mr Gould is also Head of the Office of the Chief Energy Economist, in which capacity he co-leads the World Energy Outlook, the IEA's flagship publication series, and oversees the Agency's work on investment and finance, including the World Energy Investment report.Mr Gould joined the IEA in 2008, initially as a specialist on Russian and Caspian energy, and in recent years has designed and directed a wide range of IEA analytical outputs, while continuing to contribute also as an author. Prior to joining the IEA, Mr Gould worked on European and Eurasian energy issues in Brussels and has ten years of experience in Eastern Europe, primarily in Ukraine. He graduated f...

        • Country

        Cambodia

        Cambodia’s electrification rate is the second-lowest among South East Asian countries. Cambodia plans to increase its power generation capacity by building hydropower and coal-fired plants by 2025, which can contribute to improve self-sufficiency of power supply.

        Cambodia Flag

        • Country

        Sweden

        Sweden is a global leader in decarbonisation and has targets to cut greenhouse gas emissions 59% by 2030 compared with 2005, and to have a net-zero carbon economy by 2045. Sweden was the first country to introduce carbon pricing and has the highest carbon price in the world, which has proven effective at driving decarbonisation. Most of Sweden’s electricity supply comes from hydro and nuclear, along with a growing contribution from wind. Heating is supplied mainly through bioenergy-based district heating and heat pumps.
        Most of Sweden’s greenhouse gas emissions come from the transport sector, which remains…

        Sweden Flag

        • Contributor

        Laura Cozzi

        Director, Sustainability, Technology and Outlooks. Laura Cozzi was appointed the International Energy Agency’s Director of Sustainability, Technology and Outlooks in 2023. She leads and co-ordinates the IEA’s work on energy sustainability, encompassing energy technology policy and climate change. She is also the Agency’s Chief Energy Modeller, and in this capacity co-leads the World Energy Outlook, the IEA’s flagship publication series.Ms Cozzi joined the IEA in 1999 as a junior analyst in the World Energy Outlook team. She has co-led many editions of the Outlook and led multiple special reports. Prior to joining the IEA, Ms Cozzi worked for the Italian energy company ENI S.p.A. She holds a Master’s degree in Environmental Engineering from the Polytechnic University of Milan and a Master’s degree in Energy and Environmental Economics from Eni Corporate ...

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