• Energy system

        Behavioural Changes

        Country and regional highlights
        Governments have supported or mandated behavioural changes in buildings and on roads
        CO2 emissions
        Behavioural changes can quickly reduce CO2 emissions
        Activity
        Growth in activity is inevitable as economies develop and populations increase, but behavioural changes can help to offset these increases
        Policy
        Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the resulting energy crisis have increased the salience of behavioural changes

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        • Country

        Kenya

        Access to electricity has increased dramatically in Kenya over the past 20 years, reaching almost 3/4 of the population today. The Last Mile Connectivity Project of the Rural Electrification Authority aims to deliver universal access by 2022.

        Kenya Flag

        • Country

        Democratic Republic of the Congo

        The Democratic Republic of the Congo has huge hydropower potential while also dealing with extreme energy poverty. Foreign investors are currently partially lifting constraints on the country’s hydropower capacity, which is bringing down the costs of power supply and reducing the share of oil-fired power.

        Democratic Republic of the Congo Flag

        • Energy system

        Electrolysers

        Country and regional highlights
        Progress is spread across different continents, from China, which leads on installed capacity, to the European Union, which have adopted important policies, and other regions like India and the Middle East moving forward with a small number of large-scale projects
        Technology deployment
        Global installed electrolyser capacity reached 1.4 GW at the end of 2023, almost double the one at the end of 2022
        Technology manufacturing
        Innovation
        Policy
        Investment
        Acknowledgements

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        • Energy system

        Cement

        Country and regional highlights
        Major policy developments of the last year hold promise for reducing emissions from the cement sector and increasing public procurement of low-carbon concrete
        CO2 emissions
        Cement emissions remain stubbornly high – the development and deployment of new technologies is essential to get on track with the NZE Scenario
        Energy
        Activity
        Technology deployment
        Innovation
        Supporting infrastructure
        Policy
        International collaboration
        Private sector strategies
        Acknowledgements

        Cement Jpg

        • Country

        Senegal

        In Senegal, 65% of the population has access to electricity. Strong policies and incentives have supported liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) use and less than 25% of the urban population now relies on solid biomass for cooking.

        Senegal Flag

        • Country

        Albania

        Albania’s Ministry of Energy recently launched an auction round for the construction of the country’s first large-scale solar plant. The country also has a National Strategy of Energy, which aims to develop an effective energy sector that guarantees security of energy supply and efficient use of energy.

        Albania Flag

        • Country

        Russia

        Russia is the world’s second-largest producer of natural gas, behind the United States, and has the world’s largest gas reserves. Russia is the world’s largest gas exporter. In 2021 the country produced 762 bcm of natural gas, and exported approximately 210 bcm via pipeline.

        Russia Flag

        • Country

        Viet Nam

        In recent years, Viet Nam has increased its non-hydro renewable capacity targets in its power development plan, from 9.4% to 21% of total installed capacity in 2030, and decreased the share of coal-fired capacity from 52% to 43%.

        Viet Nam Flag

        • Country

        Lebanon

        The government of Lebanon launched the "National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action" in 2010 a mechanism dedicated to the financing of green energy projects in the country. Private sector entities can apply for subsidised loans for any type of environmentally friendly projects.

        Lebanon Flag
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