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Samantha McCulloch
Former Head of Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage Unit.
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Universal Access to Clean Cooking in Africa Clean cooking infrastructure
The right ingredients Extending access depends on new infrastructure, with differing requirements across technologies and regions. This chapter maps for the first time ever Africa’s existing clean cooking infrastructure, highlighting gaps and key considerations for expansion.Widening liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) distribution in sub-Saharan Africa requires the buildout of infrastructure. This includes additional primary storage – which is concentrated in oil producing states today – and improved port infrastructure, as 50% of LPG demand in the region is imported. On the distribution side, additional bottling facilities and specialised vehicles for safe transportation are required. With nearly 20 plants operating, cylinder manufacturing…
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Competitiveness
…approach of adjusting and optimising energy consumption – is one of the key levers for industrial competitiveness. By embedding a culture of continuous improvement, firms can achieve significant reductions in energy costs, as well as a broader range of other benefits. These include:Increased productivity, such as higher capacity utilisation rates of the production equipment and increased production capacity, as a result of more efficient processes and lower production costs. Efficiency has also been shown to lead to improved product quality and consistency, contributing to brand reputation.Improved resource use, such as reduced equipment downtime and unplanned shutdowns, lower maintenance costs…
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Investment Tax Credit for Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)
The Canadian government announced an investment tax credit for Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) projects in 2021, with details released in 2022. The incentive applies to CCUS projects that permanently stored captured CO2 via dedicated geological storage, or storage of CO2 in concrete. From 2022 through 2035, the tax credit rates will be set at: 60% for investment in equipment to capture CO2 in direct air capture projects, 50% for investment in equipment to capture CO2 in all other CCUS projects, 37.5% for investment in equipment for transportation, storage and use. To encourage the industry to move quickly…
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Accelerating Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technologies (ACT)
In 2016 the UK joined a consortium of 9 European countries to co-fund collaborative innovation projects into carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) called Accelerating CCS Technologies (ACT).ACT is a European Research Area Network (ERA-NET) Cofund, a tool established by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 programme for research and innovation. ERA-NET Cofund enables European countries to join forces when it comes to funding RD&D and innovation on subjects of high European interest. Under the scheme, European countries have provided EUR 25.34 million to support collaborative projects that can accelerate the deployment…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Africa
Hydrogen use in Africa reached 3.1 Mt in 2024, about 3% of the global total. Hydrogen production accounted for about 6% of the region’s gas demand and 2% of regional CO2 emissions. Hydrogen use is concentrated in 6 countries (out of 54), with Egypt representing nearly half, followed by Algeria (20%), Nigeria (17%), South Africa (5%), Libya (5%) and Equatorial Guinea (3%). Ammonia production accounted for nearly three-quarters of hydrogen demand.Today, only 6 kt of low-emissions hydrogen are produced in Africa, exclusively from renewables. The hydrogen project pipeline to 2030 has 31 projects, which could allow increasing…
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Scaling Up Transition Finance Financial institutions and transition finance
…the top performers and working with corporates with material environmental footprints that commit to transition strategies. A common alternative strategy, in which financial institutions simply shift emissions off their balance sheets, creates “financial carbon leakage” and does not reduce real-economy emissions.An IEA survey of financial institutions revealed that differences in regional taxonomies and frameworks pose challenges for cross-border financing. At the same time, it highlighted the important role financial institutions already play through transition finance in engaging with clients to support transition efforts. The immediate challenges facing transition finance essentially break down into two issues: expanding financial…
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit
The Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit is an interactive online tool that has been updated and expanded ahead of the 11th Annual Global Conference on Energy Efficiency in Montreal, Canada. It aims to support governments in designing and implementing effective energy efficiency measures by combining policies across three core pillars: regulation, information and incentives. It also features a wide range of case studies, offering practical insights into the successful implementation of energy efficiency policies across diverse national and sectoral contexts.The Toolkit builds on earlier IEA work to advance energy efficiency policy. In 2022, the IEA introduced Policy Packages for Energy…
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Clean hydrogen and carbon capture investment
The Australian Government has announced AUD 539.2 million investment in clean hydrogen and carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) as part of emissions reduction and economic recovery efforts in the 2021-2022 Budget, which is expected to create 2,500 jobs. This announcement includes: - AUD 275.5 million to support the development of four additional clean hydrogen hubs in regional Australia, trial a hydrogen certification scheme, and fund legal and market reforms. - AUD 263.7 million to support the development of CCS/CCUS projects and hubs.
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Creation of a Carbon Capture Regulatory Framework (SB 905)
…the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to establish a "Carbon Capture, Removal, Utilization and Storage Program" to evaluate CCUS and carbon removal (CDR) technologies. More specifically, SB 905 requires CARB to:Adopt regulations for a unified permit application for the construction of CCUS projects throughout the stateDevelop a centralised database to track the deployment of CCUS and CDR technologies and projects in the stateAdopt protocols to support additional and new methods for CO2 utilisation and CO2 storageAdopt financial responsibility regulations for CCUS projects that require the CO2 storage operator to maintain financial responsibility for not less than 100 years after…