IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables

            photo from the perspective of looking up to the top of electricity tower pylons with a colorful blue and yellow background in the sky

            Electricity

            Low-emission fuels

            Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Hector Martinez Ruupyvdsnek Unsplash

            Energy Efficiency and Demand

            Ccus Tall

            Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage

            • Buildings
            • Energy Efficiency and Demand
            • Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage
            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy

                • Mozambique

                • 2003

                Energy Reform and Access Project (2003-2011)

                The World Bank project among other objectives aimed to:
                accelerate access to electricity in a sustainable and commercially viable manner
                eliminate barriers that impede the development and use of renewable energy in particular solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, and develop micro-hydro and other renewables' capacity and social services and
                increase Mozambique's capacity access to modern energy. At end of project 68,270 households were connected.

                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2018

                Strategy and Action Plan for Oceanic Renewable Energies

                1 - To approve the Industrial Strategy for Oceanic Renewable Energies (EI -ERO) contained in Annex I to the resolution and of which it is an integral part.
                2 - To approve, in the context of EI-ERO, the Action Plan for Oceanic Renewable Energies, contained in Annex II to the resolution and of which it is an integral part.

                • Policy

                • Rwanda

                • 2025

                Energy policy 2025

                The Rwanda Energy Policy provides a framework for the sustainable development of energy resources to support national socio-economic transformation and improve living standards. The policy prioritises private sector investment, energy efficiency, and enhanced national capacity to ensure affordable, reliable service delivery. It targets universal electricity access by 2030 and a complete transition to clean cooking by 2035. These milestones support Visions 2035 and 2050. 

                • Policy

                • France

                • 2016

                Decree of 24 of April 2016 on renewable energy developments objectives (Arrêté du 24 avril 2016 relatif aux objectifs de développement des énergies renouvelables)

                …26.05


                61


                63


                64




                Offshore wind


                0.5


                3


                6


                -




                Ocean


                 


                0.1


                -




                 


                 


                Between 0.2 GW and 2 GW of projects in the pipeline




                Geothermal


                8 MW


                53 MW


                -




                Biomass


                0.54


                0.79


                1.04




                Biogas


                0.137


                0.237


                0.3 




                 




                Renewable heating and cooling targets




                Technology


                Energy production (ktep)




                2018


                2023




                Low option


                High option




                Biomass


                12.000


                13.000


                14.000




                Biogas


                300


                700


                900




                Heat pumps


                2.200


                2.800


                3.200




                Geothermal heat


                200


                400


                550




                Solar thermal


                180


                270


                400




                 




                Renewable transport targets




                 


                2018


                2023




                Biomethane consumption targets


                0.7 TWh …

                • Policy

                • New Zealand

                • 2011

                New Zealand Energy Strategy (NZES)

                …include the New Zealand Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy (NZEECS), the New Zealand Transport Strategy (NZTS) and a Framework for a New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. New Zealand renewable energy 2025 target: New Zealand aims to generate 90% of its total electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2025. The previous New Zealand Energy Strategy (NZES) was released on 11 October 2007, setting out the vision of the then government, of a sustainable, low emissions energy system, and describes the actions that will be taken to make this vision a reality. The Strategy responded to two major energy challenges: the…

                • Policy

                • Romania

                • 2018

                Sustainable Development Strategy 2030

                It outlines plans for the energy sector focused on ensuring affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy access, increasing energy efficiency by 19%, promoting renewable energy sources, modernising and expanding infrastructure, ensuring energy security, and decarbonising the sector. For the industry sector, the strategy aims to build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation through clean technologies and resource efficiency, foster innovation and technological modernisation, integrate SMEs into value chains, strengthen scientific research, promote the circular economy, and encourage both foreign and local capital investment in high-value sectors.

                • Policy

                • Korea

                • 1995

                Energy Efficiency Obligation

                In 1995, Korea introduced energy efficiency obligations to attain 331 GWh of energy savings per year, achieving an incremental energy savings of 0.20% per year in comparison to total fuel consumption. Electricity, natural gas and district heating used in commercial, industrial, educational, and residential sectors are covered in this policy. All public utilitie are oblidged to follow this legislation. Eligible energy efficiency measures include the use of energy efficient products. Verification of actual energy savings must be conducted by an independent third party.

                • Policy

                • Korea

                • 2023

                10th Basic Energy Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand (2023-2036)

                …electricity generation), which includes 6.1 TWh from hydrogen co-firing with LNG and 6.9 TWh from ammonia co-firing with coal. The plan also identifies stationary fuel cells as a critical renewable resource, projecting a rated capacity of 3,947 MW by 2036. By 2036, the government foresees a significant expansion of zero-carbon combustion, targeting 47.4 TWh of electricity generation from hydrogen and ammonia, representing 7.1% of the national energy mix. To support these technologies, the plan initiates the opening of a dedicated transaction market for low-carbon power sources like hydrogen and storage systems.

                • Policy

                • Poland

                • 2013

                White Certificates

                …by the same auditor who carried out the initial audit for the project. Projects that fall below the 100-toe threshold are subject to random sampling verification.    Certificates can be traded via Polish Power Exchange. In the case, obligated parties to not achieve the required amount of savings, penalties of up to 10% of the revenue can be imposed.  There are two secondary regulations: one is a detailed list of projects to improve energy efficiency which was elaborated and approved in 2016 in order to give away white certificates. Second regulation from 2017 specifies scope of an energy efficiency audit.

                • Policy

                • South Africa

                • 2025

                Integrated resource plan (2025)

                The plan outlines a USD 121 billion (R2.23 trillion) investment plan to drive the government's effort to grow the economy and transition toward a Net Zero electricity sector by 2050. It plans to increase renewables from approximately 17 GW to more than 45 GW by 2030, to anticipate a phased decline of the coal fleet from 42 GW in 2024 to 28 GW by 2034 and to connect new generation source by 14,494 km of new lines by 2034.

              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.