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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Understanding methane emissions
…wells added a further 3.5 Mt. End-use equipment contributed an additional 2.5 Mt of methane leakage. Incomplete combustion of bioenergy – mainly from traditional biomass – generated about 18 Mt, with modern bioenergy adding another 2 Mt. The Global Methane Tracker documentation provides information on data uncertainties and the IEA’s methane estimation approaches. Around 80% of oil and gas emissions come from upstream activities Emissions from fossil fuels arise at multiple points along the supply chain. Some are intentional, either by design – such as tanks that vent directly to the atmosphere – or as part of operations, for example when pipelines are depressurised…
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 6. CNOOC investment in Guyana: Whiptail Oil Field
…The Act requires oil companies, including CNOOC, to use local labour and suppliers in 40 specific categories, such as catering, transportation and manufacturing. In 2024, around 70% of the workforce on the Stabroek oil field project was local. Financing model and China’s role Whiptails’ total development cost is estimated at USD 12.7 billion, of which CNOOC is responsible for roughly USD 3.18 billion in proportion to its 25% stake. This covers both capital expenditure and operating costs consistent with the production sharing contract. CNOOC’s cumulative investment across all six Stabroek projects has now reached around USD…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Source, flows and destination of global energy-related investment spending
Most energy investment is supported by commercial finance and made by private sponsors, but the sources of finance vary widely by technology and region. Today, 75% of the available finance for investment in the energy sector is commercial finance, but domestic and international public finance play important roles that vary widely across regions and sectors.
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Financing Clean Energy in Africa Clean energy investment landscape: setting the scene
Summary The IEA’s Africa Energy Outlook 2022 laid out a new scenario – the Sustainable Africa Scenario (SAS) – which sees the continent achieve by 2030, in full and on time, all of its energy and climate-related goals, including universal energy access and its NDCs.Realising the SAS requires mobilising over USD 200 billion annually by 2030, but energy investment has been declining in Africa and in 2022 was under USD 90 billion. Clean energy spending was a fraction of this at around USD 25 billion – only 2% of the global total despite the recent rise in global clean energy investment. This is far from what…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Targeted consumer support to enhance energy affordability
Many governments around the world are reacting quickly to protect consumers from increasing fuel prices. In the days following the conflict in the Middle East, the IEA has tracked announcements from around 40 countries that are deploying or considering deploying emergency measures to shelter consumers from price increases. Immediate government responses have been to implement price caps, fuel subsidies and shifts in taxation, along with price stabilisation mechanisms that can quickly set limits on consumer price increases. Previous crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic and the 2022 energy crisis, demonstrated that impacts often fall disproportionately on the poorer segments of…
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Key findings
…energy is rising for the first time in a decade. Around 75 million people who recently gained access to electricity are likely to lose the ability to pay for it, and 100 million people may revert to the use of traditional biomass for cooking.There remain huge uncertainties over how this energy crisis will evolve and for how long fossil fuel prices will remain elevated, and the risks of further energy disruption and geopolitical fragmentation are high. In all our scenarios, price pressures and a dim near-term outlook for the global economy feed through into lower energy demand than in l...
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Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business The business value of energy efficiency
Energy efficiency is often described as the “first fuel” because the cheapest and most secure energy is the energy that is not used. For businesses, this begins with a straightforward benefit: lower energy bills. In many cases, efficiency investments can pay back quickly through reduced energy costs alone, improving margins and reducing exposure to price volatility.However, the value of energy efficiency extends beyond energy savings. By improving how equipment, buildings and processes operate, efficiency measures deliver wide-ranging benefits that strengthen business competitiveness across several dimensions: Operational benefits Efficient and electrified equipment operates more reliably and with less stress…
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Gaining an Edge Policy implications
…value of these benefits. While energy efficiency policies and programmes targeting industry have been shown to be cost-effective, collection and analysis of more granular data in co‑operation with the industry sector can improve the design, adaptation and targeting of policy packages.In terms of competitiveness, there is a strong case for increased focus on energy efficiency programmes and policies for less energy-intensive industry and for SMEs. For SMEs, this is due to both the high level of savings currently achievable (up to 30%) and to their contribution to job creation and global economic development. Five key energy effici...
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Household Energy Affordability Executive summary
Household energy affordability continues to be a key priority for governments as energy bills remain elevated Household energy bills globally have come down from the peaks seen during the global energy crisis in 2022, but on average they were still around 4% higher in real terms in 2024 than they were in 2019. Household energy bills soared in many parts of the world as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which introduced a period of extreme volatility and a sharp run-up in prices. At the peak of the…
