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Report
Oct 2025
Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Hydrogen
State of the transition Emissions Hydrogen production today is associated with emissions of almost 1 300 Mt CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq) and there has been no progress in reducing them – in contrast, emissions have edged up in recent years.However, the increase in global production (which neared 100 Mt in 2024) has kept the global average emissions intensity of hydrogen production almost constant over the past 5 years. Costs Renewable and low-carbon hydrogen remains more expensive than hydrogen from unabated fossil fuels.The cost gap has increased recently due to slower-than-expected deployment, inflation and the fall in fossil fuel prices.Electrolyser…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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Contributor
Pablo Hevia-Koch
Head of Renewable Integration and Secure Electricity. Pablo Hevia-Koch is the Head of Renewable Integration and Secure Electricity at the International Energy Agency (IEA). In this role, he oversees work on integration of renewables in power systems, electricity security, power grids, and electricity market design, focused on both emerging and established economies. An electrical engineer by training, he holds a Ph.D. in Energy Economics from the Technical University of Denmark.