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Global Energy and Climate Model Understanding GEC Model scenarios
…or the achievement of various goals related to emissions. This means that these scenarios work toward a defined outcome and map out a way to achieve it. The Accelerating Clean Cooking and Electricity Services Scenario (ACCESS) - an additional scenario included for the first time in the WEO-2025 - represents a roadmap to achieve universal access to electricity by 2035 and clean cooking by 2040. The Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario shows a global pathway to reach net zero emissions from the energy sector by 2050 without offsets from other sectors, an emissions trajectory consistent with keeping the temperature rise…
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Renewables 2022 Transport biofuels
…biofuel share in transport fuel consumption climbs from 4.3% to 5.4% during 2022-2027. Biojet fuel to make up 1-2% of jet fuel globally by 2027 Biojet fuel demand expands to 3 900 MLPY in our main-case forecast – 37 times the 2021 level – to account for nearly 1% of total jet fuel consumption. Recent US and EU policies prompt most of this growth. In the United States, tax credits included in the IRA and measures in the Sustainable Aviation Fuel Grand Challenge Roadmap boost consumption, while in Europe we expect the ReFuelEU target of 2% b...
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Chile 2050 Energy Transition Roadmap Executive summary
… Chile spent USD 14 billion on fossil fuel imports in 2024. A pathway towards long term energy transition At the request of the Government of Chile, the International Energy Agency (IEA) prepared this report to set out a roadmap for the energy sector as part of the completion of Chile’s net zero emission goal by 2050. It has been produced in close collaboration with the Ministry of Energy and is designed to serve as an input to the forthcoming elaboration of Chile’s Long-Term Energy Planning (PELP 2028-2032). This report builds on the modelling and analytical strengths of the…
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Portugal 2026 Executive summary
…co-ordinated delivery across all sectors. Although the NECP sets clear ambitions, the pathways for achieving these goals remain dispersed across separate strategies, regulatory reforms and funding programmes, which make it difficult to align investment planning, infrastructure development, workforce needs and consumer incentives. A national roadmap based on bottom-up sectoral agreements would integrate these efforts, increase transparency, and provide clarity and direction for public authorities, industry and consumers.Maintaining social acceptance of the energy transition requires ensuring that the benefits of clean, efficient and affordable energy reach all people. In particular, low‑income households, which are more exposed to high…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Policy trends
…needs to be backed by specific policies, regulations, resources and implementation plans. Countries seeking to develop such frameworks can draw on existing support, including the International Energy Agency (IEA)’s regulatory roadmaps for cutting methane emissions in the oil and gas and coal sectors. Recent changes in methane policies and regulations Several countries introduced or strengthened mandatory policies and regulations targeting methane emissions in 2025:Canada amended federal regulations on emissions from upstream oil and gas facilities. The revised rules tighten standards for leak detection and repair (LDAR), strengthen the management of fugitive emissions, and prohibit venting except in narrowly…
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Assessing the sustainable potential and cost of feedstocks for biogas and biomethane
…plant are its size, feedstock composition and quality, and locational factors such as collection radius, access to grids, roads and other supporting infrastructure. The main cost component of a biogas project is the anaerobic digester. Capital expenditure for biogas plants demonstrates significant economies of scale, with larger facilities offering lower costs per unit of production capacity. Landfill gas requires lower upfront investment in the digestion process but additional capital and operational expenditures are required for the gas collection infrastructure. Biogas and biomethane projects tend to have relatively high ongoing operating expenses compared with other energy sources. Expenses are associated with…
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Buildings
…upgrade more accessible and affordable. Grants can direct investments from stakeholders towards specific energy efficiency measures and motivate them to exceed minimum standards by reducing the upfront costs, adopting innovative technologies, and engaging in best practices. Incentives can promote the most efficient technologies or target a specific subset of the population that needs the support the most.More informationThis toolkit provides an overview of the most important elements of each policy instrument, but you can find more by exploring additional resources. IEA Overview on BuildingsIEA Working Group on Building Energy CodesIEA Efficient Grid-Interactive BuildingsGlobalABC Roadmap for Buildings and Construction 2020-2050
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Scaling Up Transition Finance Financial institutions and transition finance
…A two-speed approach can balance rigour with inclusion, offering high-quality detail for large issuers and pragmatic pathways for smaller corporates and developing economies. Governments have a critical role in facilitating alignment for actors lacking detailed transition plans or strategies, including through national roadmaps, simplified frameworks and enabling mechanisms that support credible action even without full planning capacity.The role of transition finance could be reaffirmed to enable progress where decarbonisation is most difficult and urgent, engaging with real-world constraints rather than avoiding them. This implies the possibility of moving away from viewing transition finance as a “second…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Setting the scene
…defined outcomes. The Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) Scenario maps out an updated global pathway for the energy sector to achieve net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. An additional scenario, the Accelerating Clean Cooking and Electricity Services Scenario (ACCESS), is introduced in this WEO, setting out a data-driven roadmap to achieve universal access to electricity and clean cooking. Global energy demand and emissions continue to grow Global demand has grown by nearly 60% since 2000, with all the increase coming in emerging market and developing economies. All major energy sources grew over the period. Energy technology d...
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Urban Road and Transportation Program - SECTRA
Chile's Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications allocated financial support through the Urban Road and Transportation Program (SECTRA) on projects of rail services, mass transit, as well as walkways and bike lanes in the country.