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Egypt
Egypt has initiated a number of energy sector reforms, gradually reducing electricity subsidies and introducing feed-in tariffs to promote renewable energy production. The energy sector reforms recently initiated by the country have resulted in a significant increase in investments which have boosted electricity production over the last 5 years and ensured a stable supply across the country.
Egypt also has plans to increase the share of renewables in the electricity mix to 42% by 2035.- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Electric vehicle batteries
Electric vehicle battery deployment Electric vehicle battery deployment grew by almost 30% in 2025 Electric vehicles (EVs) remained the primary source of global battery deployment, accounting for more than 70% of the total in 2025, slightly down from almost 80% in 2024. In 2025, EV battery deployment reached 1.2 TWh, an increase of almost 30% compared to 2024, and more than 7 times greater than in 2020. Light‑duty vehicles remained the dominant segment, representing more than 85% of the 2025 EV battery deployment. However, the fastest growth came from electric trucks, for which battery demand more than doubled – largely thanks…
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IEA Guide to Reporting Energy Technology RD&D Budgets
This manual, developed by the International Energy Agency (IEA), provides comprehensive guidance for national experts responsible for reporting energy technology research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) budgets. It outlines the methodology and classification system used to collect and structure RD&D data across IEA member countries, ensuring consistency and comparability. The manual is divided into two main sections: fundamentals of RD&D budget reporting and a detailed classification of energy technologies. It defines RD&D in alignment with the OECD Frascati Manual and clarifies the scope of public and private sector reporting. It also provides instructions for completing the IEA…
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Policy options to accelerate distributed solar PV in Ukraine Distributed solar PV in Ukraine
…on the pace of new utility-scale installations.Solar power was a leader in renewables deployment in 2024. According to various sources, including the Ukrainian Ministry of Energy, around 300 MW (and up to 900 MW, depending on the source) of new solar PV was installed in 2024, including behind-the-meter installations, while 20 MW of new onshore wind power came online. Thus, reaching the required 24 GW of new distributed solar PV for a distributed energy system by 2030 implies that the total installed capacity more than quadruples from the estimated capacity of around 7 GW in 2024…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Accelerating industry action
…the greatest potential for cost-effective abatement. We estimate that around 25 Mt of methane emissions from upstream operations (40% of all upstream oil and gas methane emissions worldwide) could have been avoided at no net cost in 2024. Well over 15 Mt of emissions could have been avoided through measures with internal rates of return exceeding 25% – well above the thresholds that oil and gas companies typically require for capital investment. Methane plume from a flare in Russia, 2024 The global average methane intensity of upstream oil and gas has fallen by around 10% since 2019. Yet despite this progress…
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Armenia
Imports of oil and gas cover 77% of Armenia’s energy needs. Current energy policy is focused on developing indigenous energy sources, mainly renewable, and on replacing the country’s main nuclear reactor. Energy Efficiency policy has also become a bigger priority as energy security and reliability remain key focus areas. Armenia is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Energy Review 2026 Coal
…these trends balanced each other out, resulting in only modest global demand growth over the year. Coal power generation accounts for two-thirds of coal consumption globally, and therefore is the main driver of coal demand trends. In 2025, coal power generation was basically flat, remaining close to 2024 levels. In the industrial sector, coal demand continued its decline in advanced economies as well as in heavy industry in China, where cement and steel production peaked in 2014 and 2020 respectively. However, this was offset by demand growth in other sectors, with coal increasingly used to produce chemicals in China…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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South Africa
Coal is the mainstay of the South African energy system, meeting around 70% of installed power generation capacity. The 2019 Integrated Resource Plan however sets out a long-term diversification of the power mix by 2030 and moves towards lightening the carbon footprint of the energy sector while meeting growing energy demand and ensuring a socio-economically just transition. While the options to diversify the country's electricity mix appear diverse, the affordability of electricity supply looms as a key concern and a potential constraint on diversification. The structure of consumption and of spending on electricity is skewed towards higher…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Executive summary
…been internally displaced, impacting labour availability for hydrogen projects. Inflation has fluctuated between 12% and 26%, and central bank interest rates have been at 10 to 25% affecting the cost of capital for hydrogen projects. In 2024, fiscal deficit reached nearly a quarter of Ukraine’s GDP (USD 180 billion) and public debt was equal to nearly 100% of GDP.Country risk and its impact on the cost of capital is the most important hurdle for hydrogen projects. Low-emissions hydrogen is a nascent sector, and scale-up faces barriers including the need to find off-takers to secure finance, the cost…
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Uganda
In 2019, Uganda’s energy mix was dominated by fuel wood and charcoal followed by a small share of oil products. The country produces electricity mainly from hydroelectric plants. Between 2017 and 2019, electrification outpaced population growth in Uganda. However in 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking.
The Electricity Connection Policy was introduced in 2018 with the ambition of increasing Uganda’s electricity access to 60 percent by 2027 through connection subsidies for consumers located close to the existing network. About 300,000 households and businesses have received free electricity connections, benefiting 1.5…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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