• Country

        Cambodia

        Cambodia’s electrification rate is the second-lowest among South East Asian countries. Cambodia plans to increase its power generation capacity by building hydropower and coal-fired plants by 2025, which can contribute to improve self-sufficiency of power supply.

        Cambodia Flag

        • Energy system

        Paper

        Country and regional highlights
        There is growing ambition on electrifying heat in the European paper industry
        CO2 emissions
        Emissions intensity has seen a decade of reductions, but further effort is needed going forward
        Energy
        Further energy efficiency improvements and fuel switching are needed to get on track with the Net Zero Scenario
        Activity
        Technology deployment
        The adoption of high-temperature heat pumps combined with an increased use of low-emission fuels can reduce emissions

        Pulp Paper Jpg

        • Country

        Gabon

        Almost two-thirds of the population of Gabon has access to electricity. The country can partially rely on its 150 thousand barrels per day hydrocarbon liquids production and has recently implemented a new petroleum legislation.

        Gabon Flag

        • Topic

        Energy Innovation

        …analyses on energy innovation also provide crucial insights that equip the huge range of stakeholders in this space to make effective decisions and pursue ambitious goals – from academics and researchers to start-ups, established companies, investors, philanthropic organisations, policymakers and regulatory bodies.Our annual State of Energy Innovation report also provides a comprehensive, data-driven assessment of recent progress and emerging challenges in energy technology innovation. The IEA Technology Collaboration Programmes (TCP) are independent, international groups of experts that enable governments and industries from around the world to lead programmes and projects on a wide range of energy technologies and…

        • Contributor

        Daniel Wetzel

        Head of Tracking Sustainable Transitions Unit. Daniel Wetzel leads the newly created Tracking Sustainable Transitions unit within the World Energy Outlook, which tracks how policy measures are actually moving the needle on clean energy transitions, energy access, and energy employment. He was one of the lead author’s on the IEA’s Sustainable Recovery report, the IEA’s Sustainable Recovery Tracker, and coordinated IEA’s co-custodianship on Tracking Progress on Sustainable Development Goal 7.1: Universal Access. Daniel also oversees the employment and parts of the demand analysis in the annual World Energy Outlook. Prior to joining the IEA, Daniel worked at the Rocky Mountain Institute in their Beijing office, leading their Power Market Reform program, and also in Colorado, working on regional energy transition plans.

        • Sector

        Low-Emissions Fuels

        Develop certification and standards to ensure that low-emissions fuels are sustainable
        The development of standards and certification schemes ensuring a sustainable supply chain will be critical for scaling up the production of both biofuels and hydrogen, while avoiding potentially harmful environmental, economic and social impacts. The development of international markets and trade in these fuels will also depend on internationally agreed methods and certification processes to guarantee the sustainability of traded fuels. 
        Create support programmes for the use of low-emissions fuels
        With the use of low-emissions fuels still in most cases being more expensive than unabated fossil…

        • Country

        Bahrain

        Bahrain's energy supply comes largely from the exploitation of its domestic fossil fuels resources. The country is also a major producer and exporter of oil, petroleum products and natural gas.

        Bahrain Flag

        • Energy system

        District Heating

        Country and regional highlights
        Momentum for change is growing within the district heating industry
        CO2 emissions
        Decarbonisation efforts have not yet been sufficient to curb associated emissions
        Energy
        Despite large potential for the integration of renewable sources and recycled heat, fossil fuels dominate district heat supplies globally
        Deployment
        The district heating industry is transitioning to lower-temperature networks and integrating renewable energy sources
        Innovation
        Policy

        Shutterstock 1024717066

        • Sector

        Buildings

        …best-in-class products
        Financing and market mechanisms are needed to accelerate the clean energy transition. Governments can enact policy interventions to improve access to financing and de-risk clean energy investment to enhance the attractiveness of buildings sector investment. They can also broaden the availability of market-based instruments that reduce barriers to the transition, for example via means-tested subsidies for household to retrofits or weatherisation, or installation of lower-carbon and more efficient appliances and equipment.  Public competitions to stimulate innovation, such as the Buildings Upgrade Prize developed by the US Department of Energy Building Technologies Office…

        • Fuel report

        • Sep 2025

        The Implications of Oil and Gas Field Decline Rates

        …assessing the outlook for oil and gas supply and, by extension, for market balances.The International Energy Agency (IEA) has long examined this issue, and a detailed understanding of decline rates is at the heart of IEA modelling and analysis, underpinning the insights provided by the scenarios in the World Energy Outlook.This new report – based on analysis of the production records of around 15 000 oil and gas fields around the world – explores the implications of accelerating decline rates, growing reliance on unconventional resources, and evolving project development patterns for the global oil and gas supply landscape, for energy security…

        Oil Field in Desert, Oil Production
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