• Energy system

        Biofuels

        Country and regional highlights
        The United States Inflation Reduction Act makes USD 9.4 billion available for biofuels
        Energy
        Biofuel demand increased by 6% in 2022, continuing the recent pace of growth
        Technology deployment
        Biofuel production technology needs to diversify to sustainably take advantage of existing waste and residue feedstocks
        Innovation
        Technologies that can convert woody feedstocks into biofuels need to be proven at scale in the next few years
        Supporting infrastructure
        Policy

        Bioenergy

        • Energy system

        CO2 Capture and Utilisation

        Country and regional highlights
        CCUS and synthetic fuel policies are being strengthened in the United States and Europe
        CO2 emissions
        CO2 use can bring important climate benefits, but with caveats
        Activity
        CO2 use for synthetic fuels remains the leading new utilisation route
        Technology installation and infrastructure
        CCU supply chains can benefit from synergies with fossil-based synthetic fuel production and CCS
        Innovation
        Policy
        Investment
        Venture capital investment in CCU continues to grow

        Picture of barrels containing methanol

        • Country

        Myanmar

        In Myanmar, a steep increase in the share of gas-fired power generation reflects a push to take advantage of its abundant domestic resources. The country however has ample scope to rely on renewables in its electrification strategy.

        Myanmar Flag

        • Country

        Angola

        Angola is set to become the largest producer of crude oil in Southern Africa, yet has also set the foundation for the sustainable development of renewables, through investments and supportive measures. Angola has particularly strong hydropower generation potential that remains underutilised.

        Angola Flag

        • Country

        Ukraine

        Ukraine is a key country for European and global energy security. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has pushed it to fundamentally reshape its past dependence on energy imports from Russia.
        As the invasion continues, Ukraine is focused on tracking large-scale energy supply disruptions and actively working to recover power and heating for civilians. It is also putting together an ambitious recovery and reconstruction plan, with a strong focus on energy security. In the medium-term, Ukraine’s energy strategy remains focused on European integration, while it aims to an energy system that is ready for a Net Zero future…

        Ukraine Flag

        • Commentary

        • 15 Jun 2026

        From farms to fuel: Ukraine’s biomethane opportunity for energy security and European decarbonisation

        Ukraine biomethane A strategic opportunity for biomethane in Ukraine In 2025, Ukraine exported biomethane to the European Union (EU) for the first time – a milestone that opens an opportunity to scale-up domestic low-emissions gas. Home to the largest agricultural land area in Europe, Ukraine has the resource potential to become one of the continent’s leading biomethane producers, supplying both its domestic market and the EU via an already existing pipeline infrastructure.The first exports of biomethane come at a critical moment. Repeated Russian attacks on Ukrainian energy infrastructure have exposed the vulnerabilities of centralised energy supply. Although…

        • Energy system

        Building Envelopes

        Stronger efficiency is the first and best policy to bring down energy bills
        Variations in energy efficiency exist both within and among countries. For example, in some European countries with similar climates it can take twice as much energy to heat the same floor area or within one country the energy consumed between the most efficient and least efficient homes for a given size can vary by a factor of up to three.

        Building Envelopes Jpg

        • Country

        Sweden

        Sweden is a global leader in decarbonisation and has targets to cut greenhouse gas emissions 59% by 2030 compared with 2005, and to have a net-zero carbon economy by 2045. Sweden was the first country to introduce carbon pricing and has the highest carbon price in the world, which has proven effective at driving decarbonisation. Most of Sweden’s electricity supply comes from hydro and nuclear, along with a growing contribution from wind. Heating is supplied mainly through bioenergy-based district heating and heat pumps.
        Most of Sweden’s greenhouse gas emissions come from the transport sector, which remains…

        Sweden Flag

        • Country

        Saudi Arabia

        Saudi Arabia has moved forward in the implementation of energy efficiency standards on key sectors and end-uses linked to their energy saving potential. These standards are focused on and the transport and building sectors. For example, new buildings are now required to be insulated.

        Saudi Arabia Flag

        • Country

        Sudan

        Most of Sudan’s electricity generation comes from hydropower, and more than half of the Eastern African region’s total oil-based capacity is located in the country. Sudan is also contemplating scaling up projects on solar power in the coming years.

        Sudan Flag
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