-
Opportunities for Hydrogen Production with CCUS in China
…pledge to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. Hydrogen could contribute to China’s energy system decarbonisation strategy, such as through the use as a fuel and feedstock in industrial processes; in fuel cell electric transport, and for the production of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels for shipping and aviation. The analysis of scenarios in this report suggests that while hydrogen from renewable power electrolysis could meet the majority of hydrogen demand by 2060, equipping existing hydrogen production facilities with CCUS could be a complementary strategy to reduce emissions and scale-up low-emission hydrogen supply…
-
Energy Transitions Require Innovation in Power System Planning
…as it decarbonises. The first is that variable renewables will increasingly be the foundation of low carbon power generation. The second is that power will be responsible for an increasing share of total energy demand, as electrification becomes a pathway to decarbonisation. Emerging economies are central to global emissions reduction, since they typically have high shares of fossil fuel generation and because electricity demand is expected to significantly increase along with economic growth and greater electricity access. Increasing shares of variable renewable energy such as solar and wind will mean power systems need to become more flexible. At the same…
-
Reforming Korea's Electricity Market for Net Zero
…country's long-term decarbonisation objectives.For this the IEA devised a Korea Regional Power System Model to evaluate the emissions implications of the plans laid out in Korea’s 9th Basic Plan for Long-Term Electricity Supply and Demand and the Carbon Neutral Strategy published in 2021. The analysis includes a scenario elaborated by the IEA, based on the World Energy Outlook's Announced Pledges Scenario for 2035, to analyse potential for further market improvements.This analysis covers market improvements in areas such as carbon pricing, market price enhancements that better reward low-emissions technologies and security of supply…
-
Implementing Clean Energy Transitions
…in order to assess where gaps may arise and help governments and policymakers to explore other international policy experiences.The library groups transport policies within three overarching categories:Regulation, incl. standards and mandates: This includes fuel-economy standards, emission standards, blending mandates, charging standards and EV mandates. Incentives: This includes for both cases incentives for electric vehicle, modal shift, biofuels and scrappage schemes. Fuel excise taxes and carbon pricing are also included in this category.Information: This includes policies and initiatives focused on informing consumers, training, and networking.This library builts on the joint IEA/IRENA Policy and Measures database…
-
Renewables 2020
…renewables in the electricity heat and transport sectors. Executive summary Renewables’ resilience is driven by the electricity sector In sharp contrast to all other fuels, renewables used for generating electricity will grow by almost 7% in 2020. Global energy demand is set to decline 5% – but long-term contracts, priority access to the grid and continuous installation of new plants are all underpinning strong growth in renewable electricity. This more than compensates for declines in bioenergy for industry and biofuels for transport – mostly the result of lower economic activity. The net result is an overall increase of 1% in renewable…
-
How much will renewable hydrogen production drive demand for new renewable energy capacity by 2027?
…total renewable capacity growth. China leads expansion, followed by Australia, Chile and the United States. Together, these four markets account for roughly two-thirds of dedicated renewable capacity for hydrogen production. Globally, new capacity is split evenly between PV and onshore wind, although regional shares vary depending on resource availability. For instance, solar PV makes up most of the growth in the MENA, while in Latin America the electrolyser project pipeline is expected to be mostly filled by onshore wind projects in Chile. Given their long lead times, offshore wind projects account for less than 1% of new renewable capacity…
-
Sustainable Production of Second-Generation Biofuels
Sustainable Production of Second-Generation Biofuels This study aims to identify opportunities and constraints related to the potential future production of second-generation biofuels in major economies and developing countries, and to examine under which conditions the new fuels could be produced sustainably in these countries. The report identifies global drivers for second-generation biofuel development, discusses projections on biomass potentials and assesses the potential of agricultural and forestry residues for the sustainable production of lignocellulosic biofuels.
-
Korea 2020
…summary Korea’s energy sector is characterised by the dominance of fossil fuels, which in 2018 accounted for 85% of total primary energy supply (TPES), a strong dependence on energy imports at 84% of TPES, and the dominance of industrial energy use at 55% of total final consumption, the highest share among IEA countries. In 2018, Korea had the lowest share of energy from renewable sources in energy supply among all IEA countries. The Korean government is committed to advance the country’s energy transition by increasing the share of renewable electricity to 20% by 2030 and to 30-35%…
-
Tracking Clean Energy Innovation: Focus on China
…in China. Introduction Innovation for clean energy transitions Achieving global energy and climate policy goals will require more, better and cheaper low-carbon energy technologies. Most energy technologies are not on track to provide the clean energy transitions targeted by governments, according to IEA annual monitoring. Many technologies required to lower emissions to so-called “net zero” levels are not ready for markets, notably in sectors hard to decarbonise such as heavy industry and long-distance transportation, for which large-scale low-carbon solutions are not widely available. Governments are central to the success of clean energy innovation, and global…
-
Enhancing China’s ETS for Carbon Neutrality: Focus on Power Sector
…renewable energy policy The pace of emissions reductions of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter, “China”) over the coming decades will be an important factor in global efforts to limit global warming to 1.5°C. The power sector is central to achieving China’s stated climate ambition of peaking CO2 emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. Accelerating the sector’s decarbonisation requires a well-coordinated policy mix. This report, Enhancing China's ETS for Carbon Neutrality: Focus on Power Sector, responds to the Chinese government’s invitation to the IEA to co-operate on carbon emissions…
