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Kenya 2024
…the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review of Kenya was prepared in collaboration between the government of Kenya and the IEA, whose strong partnership achieved an important milestone in 2023 when Kenya joined the IEA family as an Association country.The review leverages the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA member countries to assess Kenya’s most pressing energy challenges and provide recommendations backed by international best practices, especially as Kenya revises its 2018 Energy Policy to…
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Clean Energy Transitions in the Greater Horn of Africa
…committed to helping African countries use energy sector transformation to cope with and recover from crises such as the Covid‑19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s (“Russia” hereafter) invasion of Ukraine, which have destabilised economies and energy systems. This can be done by improving data, informing decision making and guiding policy implementation, in collaboration with local, regional and international institutions. This report focuses on the eight countries in the greater Horn of Africa region, here defined as Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. It recommends pathways to accelerate clean energy transitions and analyses energy trends across the region…
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Energy Efficiency for Affordability
…modern energy system. The report assesses progress, opportunities and challenges for energy efficiency across four key areas: Buildings, Appliances, Clean Cooking and Electricity System Losses. The report gives suggestions on potential policy actions that can be taken to enhance progress, drawing on case studies and examples from Kenya and other countries in Africa and globally. It represents part of the IEA’s growing collaboration with Kenya in the build-up to the IEA’s Energy Efficiency in Emerging Economies Training Week and 9th Annual Global Conference on Energy Efficiency, which will take place in Nairobi in March and May 2024…
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Clean Energy Transitions in the Sahel
…in support of the energy strategies and objectives of African countries.
The IEA aims to support African countries with their transformative energy sector priorities and the implementation of clean energy transitions in the region by sharing expertise to enhance data, inform decision-making and guide policy implementation. This engagement takes place in coordination with local, regional and other international entities. The aim is to support a sustainable and an accelerated regional energy system transformation using a varied mix of technologies, in order to help achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7), promote increased energy security and affordability…
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Senegal 2023
…policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in collaboration between the government of Senegal and the IEA, whose strong partnership achieved an important milestone in 2023 when Senegal joined the IEA family as an Association country. It draws on the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA member countries and partners to assess Senegal’s most pressing energy sector challenges and provide recommendations on how to address them, backed by international best practices. The report also highlights areas where Senegal’s leadership can serve as an example, such as in promoting universal access to modern energy…
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Kenya Energy Outlook
…geothermal resources and oil. Kenya is one of the few countries to develop geothermal energy: by 2040, it accounts for almost 50% of Kenya’s power generation in the STEPS.The sevenfold increase in electricity demand in the AC relies on expansion of geothermal production (an increase to 4 GW) and new solar PV and gas capacity. Oil remains by far the dominant fuel in end-use sectors, and its use triples in road transport in the AC, with five million additional vehicles being added to the fleet.Electricity demand reaches nearly 70 TWh in the AC, as light industry…
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Integrating Variable Renewable Energy in Kenya
…has established itself as a regional leader in energy development.Integrating Variable Renewable Energy in Kenya explores how Kenya can strengthen its power system amid rising shares of variable renewable energy (VRE). The report identifies Kenya’s system to be operating in Phase 3 of the IEA’s VRE integration framework, where variability increasingly influences system operations. It explores the key challenges that lie ahead and how three mutually reinforcing pillars - open access, flexibility and storage, and ancillary services - can support the development of a reliable, secure and sustainable electricity system. The analysis highlights that increasing generation capacity alone will…
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Cost of Capital Observatory
…London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.The Observatory is divided into three sections:A Dashboard that provides free data on the cost of capital for energy projects in emerging and developing economies, updated with 2023 and 2024 data in July and September 2025.A section with Tools and Analysis to help governments understand and quantify the main underlying risks perceived by investors and financiers in each country.Case Studies with lessons learnt of how policymakers…
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Senegal Energy Outlook
…both rural and urban areas for more than 70% of the population currently still lacking access. Senegal fossil fuel demand and production by scenario to 2040 Senegal is not a fossil fuel producer today, but major gas discoveries are expected to change the picture and to lead to gas production of 9.5 bcm in 2040 in the STEPS.The greater availability of gas helps displace oil use in power generation in domestic markets while also bringing considerable export revenues. Energy investment needs amount to $33 billion through to 2040 in the STEPS, mainly to unlock the potential for gas…
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Senegal Case Study
Cost of Capital Observatory Case Study The Cost of Capital Observatory is an initiative from the IEA, the World Economic Forum, ETH Zurich and Imperial College London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.Case Studies include lessons learnt of how policymakers, together with the private sector, development finance institutions and other entities managed to mitigate risks and mobilise capital for clean energy sectors across the emerging and developing world.