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Country report
Sep 2025
Integrating Distributed Energy Resources in China
…flexible, efficient and resilient power system, provided their integration is well-managed.This report analyses recent trends in DER deployment across China and highlights the emerging challenges their growth poses for power system planning and operation, calling for renewed attention to distribution grids. It puts China’s development of DERs in international perspective by drawing on experiences from jurisdictions that are further along in their DER integration journey, such as Australia, Europe, Japan and the United States. Through cross-country comparison, the analysis identifies lessons and best practices that are relevant to China’s evolving power sector and regulatory landscape…
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Fuel report
Dec 2022
How much will renewable hydrogen production drive demand for new renewable energy capacity by 2027?
…years, with projects at various stages of development. This momentum is expected to increase renewable capacity needs, but the question is: By how much? For 2022-2027, the main case forecasts around 50 GW of renewable capacity to be dedicated to hydrogen production, accounting for 2% of total renewable capacity growth. China leads expansion, followed by Australia, Chile and the United States. Together, these four markets account for roughly two-thirds of dedicated renewable capacity for hydrogen production. Globally, new capacity is split evenly between PV and onshore wind, although regional shares vary depending on resource availability. For instance, solar…
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Fuel report
Dec 2020
Coal 2020
Analysis and forecast to 2025 Coal 2020 highlights recent global and regional trends in coal demand, supply and trade, and an outlook to 2025. The extraordinary circumstances in 2020 impacted coal markets and lend uncertainty to how they will be tailored in a post-Covid-19 economic recovery. Therefore, Coal 2020 spotlights developments in 2020 and expected conditions in 2021. It also provides an analysis of the evolution of coal supply costs, prices and investment in mining projects. China – the world’s largest coal producer and importer as well as consumer of more than half of global coal – is highlighted…
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
- Prices and costs
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+ 2 pages
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Fuel report
Nov 2020
Renewables 2020
Analysis and forecast to 2025 In May 2020, the IEA market update on renewable energy provided an analysis that looked at the impact of Covid-19 on renewable energy deployment in 2020 and 2021. This early assessment showed that the Covid-19 crisis is hurting – but not halting – global renewable energy growth. Half a year later, the pandemic continues to affect the global economy and daily life. However, renewable markets, especially electricity-generating technologies, have already shown their resilience to the crisis. Renewables 2020 provides detailed analysis and forecasts through 2025 of the impact of Covid-19 on renewables in…
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Article
04 Jun 2021
The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
Whether we are boiling water to make tea, activating a home appliance or relaxing under a hot shower, our daily behaviours and choices at home are important drivers of energy consumption. In 2018, energy consumption from the residential sector represented 20% of the total energy demand in IEA countries. Individuals and households can adopt a variety of measures to optimise their energy consumption. Changes in our everyday habits can help to reduce home energy bills, lower carbon emissions and ease pressure on the power grid. Modest behaviour adustments can, over time, yield substantial energy savings on their own. Residential energy…
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Country report
Oct 2019
Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2019
Comprehensive review of a region on the rise The Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2019 is the fourth edition of this World Energy Outlook Special Report. Reflecting its growing partnership with Southeast Asia, International Energy Agency has conducted these in-depth studies every two years since 2013. The studies highlight the opportunities and risks facing the ten member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam as they look to meet rising energy demand in a secure, affordable and sustainable manner. Key…
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Country report
May 2022
Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2022
The Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2022 is the fifth edition of this World Energy Outlook Special Report. Building on its important partnership with Southeast Asia, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has published these studies on a regular basis since 2013. The studies offer insightful prospects for the ten member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.Since the last edition of this report, the energy prospects for Southeast Asia have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, new…
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Country report
Apr 2023
Decarbonisation Pathways for Southeast Asia
G7 report The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Institute of Energy Economic, Japan (IEEJ) have developed and published long-term decarbonisation pathways for Southeast Asia and Indonesia. This paper provides a comparison of modelling approaches, quantitative drivers, and results from the IEA and IEEJ pathways, highlighting areas of agreement, as well as identifying and explaining differences, and thereby to derive implications. The IEA pathway used in the comparison is the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) from the World Energy Outlook 2022 and the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia. The IEEJ pathway is the net zero CO2…
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Report
Oct 2023
Efficient Grid-Interactive Buildings
Future of buildings in ASEAN A future with net zero emissions requires scaling up improvements in energy efficiency, electrification of end uses and renewable energy generation. For the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a growing population and rising standards of living will massively increase future energy demand. Mitigating growing electricity demand and integrating renewable energy into electricity generation will therefore be paramount for the region’s clean energy transition and avoid lock-in of additional fossil fuel generation. The intermittent nature of variable renewable energy and increasing deployment of distributed energy resources are putting additional pressure on existing grids…
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Country report
Sep 2012
Partner Country Series - Gas Pricing: China’s Challenges and IEA Experience
Partner Country Series - Gas Pricing: China’s Challenges and IEA Experience In line with its aim to meet growing energy demand while shifting away from coal, the People's Republic of China set an ambitious goal of doubling its use of natural gas from 2011 levels by 2015. Prospects as of 2012 were good for significant new supplies – both domestic and imported, conventional and unconventional – to come online in the medium term, but notable challenges remained, particularly concerning gas pricing and the institutional and regulatory landscape. While China’s circumstances are, in many respects unique, some current issues are similar…