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A 10-Point Plan to Reduce the European Union’s Reliance on Russian Natural Gas
…policy makers and consumers can do to lower them. This IEA analysis proposes a series of immediate actions that could be taken to reduce reliance on Russian gas, while enhancing the near-term resilience of the EU gas network and minimising the hardships for vulnerable consumers.A suite of measures in our 10-Point Plan, spanning gas supplies, the electricity system and end-use sectors, could result in the EU’s annual call on Russian gas imports falling by more than 50 bcm within one year – a reduction of over one-third. These figures take into account the need for additional…
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2022 Energy Crisis: Frequently Asked Questions
Current situation Have Russian oil and gas exports continued to flow since the start of its invasion of Ukraine?Russian oil exports have so far proved resilient to sanctions, import embargoes and buyer boycotts. In October, total oil exports were 7.7 mb/d, only 400 kb/d lower than pre-war levels. Russian crude oil exports in October were largely unchanged compared with pre-war levels, at 4.97 mb/d. Crude oil exports to the EU member states have been reduced by 1 mb/d to 1.5 mb/d. The decline in shipments to the EU has been…
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Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries: Russia 2014
Russia’s energy sector plays an essential role for the Russian economy, its energy security and global hydrocarbon supplies. Russia holds among the world’s largest resources of gas, oil and coal. Its liquids production has reached historical highs, yet major additional upstream investments and technology upgrades will be needed to sustain these levels in the long term. Its gas production is also at high levels, with Gazprom being the dominant producer, and with other companies now taking significant roles. Since the last IEA review of Russia’s energy policies in 2002, the power sector has also liberalised considerably. The…
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Development of Energy Efficiency Indicators in Russia
Development of Energy Efficiency Indicators in Russia The key findings of the IEA work with the Russian Federation on developing energy efficiency indicators form the core of this report. Russia is sometimes referred to as “the Saudi Arabia of energy efficiency”; its vast potential to reduce energy consumption can be considered a significant energy reserve. Russia, recognising the benefits of more efficient use of energy, is taking measures to exploit this potential. The president has set the goal to reduce energy intensity by 40% between 2007 and 2020. In the past few years, the IEA has worked closely with Russian…
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Renewables in Russia
From Opportunities to Reality Renewables in Russia Russia is rich not only in oil, gas and coal, but also in wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass and solar energy – the resources of renewable energy. However, fossil fuels dominate Russia’s current energy mix, while its abundant and diverse renewable energy resources play little role. What are the near- and medium-term opportunities for renewables in Russia?
This report demonstrates that renewable energy can offer a real means to address some of Russia’s energy and economic challenges. -
National Reliance on Russian Fossil Fuel Imports
How do countries rely on and consume Russian energy? Russia was the world’s largest fossil fuels exporter in 2021, and global energy markets have been thrown into turmoil by the country’s invasion of Ukraine, with major energy security and supply risks worldwide.The data visualisations included in this report lay out the reliance of various countries on Russian energy imports and how Russian oil, gas and coal imports are being used in different countries to power manufacturing, transportation, residences, and other services and sectors. In doing so, the report highlights which nations and sectors may be most vulnerable…
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Russia Energy Survey
…of the Russian Federation’s role as a key oil and gas exporter, the Russian energy sector is of key importance to the country’s economic success, as well as to world energy markets. Reforms are essential to enable Russia’s energy sector to keep pace with domestic energy demand growth in a period of strong GDP growth, while yet seizing export opportunities. Success will depend upon the creation of a stable and competitive investment environment, energy price reform, corporate transparency, dramatic improvement in energy efficiency and proper safeguards against the adverse environmental impacts from increased energy production and use.
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Optimising Russian Natural Gas
Reform and Climate Policy Optimising Russian Natural Gas The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries. This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and…
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Russian Electricity Reform
Russian Electricity Reform The government of the Russian Federation has embarked on a highly ambitious program of electricity reform. Russian policy makers have recognised that attracting timely and appropriate investment will remain a substantial and ongoing challenge, which can most effectively be addressed through the creation of efficient electricity markets operating in response to genuine price signals, within a robust and predictable legal and regulatory framework. Only such markets, in which competition is based on transparent prices that accurately reflect costs, can deliver the efficient, reliable and internationally competitive performance needed to meet the government’s economic targets in the…
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Oil Market Report - March 2022
…positions due to extreme volatility. At a crossroads Faced with what could turn into the biggest supply crisis in decades, global energy markets are at a crossroads. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has brought energy security back to the forefront of political agendas as commodity prices surge to new heights. While it is still too early to know how events will unfold, the crisis may result in lasting changes to energy markets.The implications of a potential loss of Russian oil exports to global markets cannot be understated. Russia is the world’s largest oil exporter, shipping 8 mb/d…
