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Ireland
Ireland put in place an ambitious and comprehensive set of policies and targets to reach net zero by 2050 and 80% of renewable electricity generation by 2030, but now their implementation needs to accelerate. Natural gas will remain an important part of the energy mix at least until the mid-2030s, especially to meet peak electricity demand, but offshore renewable energy will become the cornerstone of Ireland’s energy transition beyond 2030. Given Ireland’s current exclusive reliance on energy imports from the United Kingdom, energy security is a major concern to the government while transitioning to a (variable) renewables…
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Greece
Greece is making progress on its energy transition, including implementing reforms to standardise and simplify licensing procedures for renewable projects and investigating options for offshore wind. Coal fired generation, once the main source of electricity, will be phased out by 2028 at the latest and EUR 5 billion has been committed to assist impacted communities. Auctions are driving strong deployment of solar PV, onshore wind and battery storage. There are also projects for interconnections and renewables to decarbonise electricity on Greek islands. However, more effort is needed boost electrification and improve efficiency in transport and buildings.
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Brazil
…80% of domestic electricity generation, making the Brazilian electricity mix one of the cleanest in the world. Continued expansion of hydropower is increasingly constrained by the remoteness and environmental sensitivity of a large part of the remaining resource. PV projects (utility scale and distributed) will represent nearly 70% of all additions in the coming years. Reliance on other sources for power generation is also growing, notably natural gas, wind (on-shore and off-shore) and bioenergy. Brazil is a global leader in second generation biofuels and flex-fuel cars provide a large domestic market. Ethanol supply is set to average…
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Yemen
In Yemen, less than half of the population has access to electricity. In 2010, the government launched a National Strategy for renewable energy and energy efficiency, which aims to develop grid and off-grid renewable energy and targets a 15% share of renewable electricity generation by 2025.
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Tajikistan
Hydropower is the main source of energy in Tajikistan, followed by imported oil, gas and coal. However, Tajikistan's energy sector is prone to supply shocks, due to seasonal shortages. Energy policy focuses on providing uninterrupted energy access to all users while improving regional co‑operation and energy sector efficiency, but significant domestic and foreign investment will be necessary for continued energy sector development. Tajikistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.
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Israel
Israel endorsed a target of generating 10% of the country’s electricity from renewable sources in 2020. Solar thermal and photovoltaic power plants are expected to account for over 70% of total generation, with the remainder deriving from household PV units, wind energy and biomass.
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.- Overview
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The Netherlands
…have been introduced to support achievement of this goal. A competitive auctions process awards subsidies to renewables, hydrogen and carbon capture, based on avoided CO2 emissions. An offshore wind roadmap is driving rapid deployment and aims for 11.5 GW of capacity by 2030, while strong innovation programmes support deployment of key decarbonisation technologies. Electricity from solar has experienced an impressive growth, with the Netherlands ranking among the top countries in the world for installed PV capacity per capita. The Netherlands will need to closely monitor it efforts and ensure that policies and infrastructure continue to support strong emissions reductions.
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Chile
…resources, Chile has taken a globally leading role in clean energy, and emerged as a world-class destination for solar and wind energy developers. Its legislation encourages investment in generating capacity across the electricity sector. The expanded role of the state in energy planning has helped to boost project development, especially in electricity transmission. Since 2017, the country also has a single interconnected national electricity system.
This frontrunner role is underlined by the governments pledge to net-zero by 2050, which includes closing two thirds of coal plants by 2025. This goal is supported by a Just Transition Strategy, currently…- Overview
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Egypt
Egypt has initiated a number of energy sector reforms, gradually reducing electricity subsidies and introducing feed-in tariffs to promote renewable energy production. The energy sector reforms recently initiated by the country have resulted in a significant increase in investments which have boosted electricity production over the last 5 years and ensured a stable supply across the country.
Egypt also has plans to increase the share of renewables in the electricity mix to 42% by 2035.- Overview
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Türkiye
…growth in Türkiye over the past two decades have not only driven strong growth in energy demand, but also an associated increase in import dependency. As a result, Türkiye has pursued a restructuring of its energy system with the aim of rationalising energy demand growth, lowering energy prices and slowing the pace of import growth.
These reforms have included measures targeted at modernisation, liberalisation and increased domestic production capacity. Notably, Türkiye has seen considerable diversification of its energy mix in the past decade. Renewable electricity generation has tripled in the past decade and the commissioning of Turkey’s first nuclear…- Overview
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