Estimated levelised demand for selected minerals in electrolysers and fuel cells today, log scale

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Indicators for water use for selected minerals

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Indicators for water pollution for selected minerals

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Average observed lead times from discovery to production for selected minerals, 2010-2019

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Minerals used in electric cars compared to conventional cars

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Share of processing volume by country for selected minerals, 2019

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Minerals used in clean energy technologies compared to other power generation sources

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Demand for battery-related minerals from clean energy technologies in 2040 relative to 2020 under different scenarios and technology evolution trends

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Share of clean energy technologies in total demand for selected minerals by scenario, 2010-2040

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Share of top producing countries in extraction of selected minerals and fossil fuels, 2019

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Share of top producing countries in total processing of selected minerals and fossil fuels, 2019

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Demand for renewables- and networks-related minerals from clean energy technologies in 2040 relative to 2020 under different scenarios and technology evolution trends

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