EU4Energy

Ukraine’s energy sector has been deeply disrupted by the Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion. Once operating with a surplus, the power system now faces a deficit due to targeted attacks, shifting national priorities towards energy security and supply reliability. Hydrogen demand in traditional industries such as refining and ammonia production has collapsed by 80%, particularly in southern regions near the frontline. The broader economic impact is severe, with reconstruction costs estimated at over USD 0.5 trillion—three times the country’s GDP.

In response, Ukraine has a unique opportunity to rebuild a more secure and sustainable energy system. The use of low-emissions hydrogen in industrial applications could reduce greenhouse gas emissions while supporting the development of an export-oriented industrial base. This EU4Energy report outlines a long-term roadmap to unlock this potential, detailing actions across four pillars—physical assets, regulation, financing, and cross-cutting areas—over three time horizons spanning the next two to twenty years.