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Seamus O'Regan
Former Minister of Natural Resources.
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Christian Zinglersen
Former Head of the Clean Energy Ministerial Secretariat.
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Damian Cortinas
Chair of the Board, European Network of Transmission System Operators (ENTSO-E).
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Rare Earth Elements Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Beyond NMC batteries: Supply chain issues for emerging battery technologies
…production in China, coupled with proposed export controls on Chinese LFP technology, it is becoming increasingly important for policy makers to develop diversified supply chains. De-risking LFP cathode, PPA and manganese sulphate production projects is crucial, also reducing domestic equipment and machinery costs, as well as providing demand incentives for domestic production. Sodium-ion presents a potential supply security opportunity due to its more diversified upstream supply chain, with the United States and Europe already playing key roles in soda ash, caustic soda and biomass supply. Yet, the downstream supply chain – cell, cathode and hard carbon anode – remains dominated...
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World Energy Investment 2025 Africa
Africa is faced with new challenges and opportunities as the composition and source of investment flows in the continent shift Africa is characterised by strong regional imbalances. South Africa and North Africa account for less than 20% of the population but more than 45% of energy investment and over 65% of installed electrical capacity. By contrast, Sub-Saharan Africa, home to most of the region’s population, receives less energy investment and has limited access to reliable electricity. New connection rates have steadily increased since 2000 but remain well below the universal access target set for 2030, with 600 million…
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Lars Aagaard
Minister for Climate, Energy and Utilities.
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Orla McAlinden
Former World Energy Outlook Analyst.
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Jennifer M. Granholm
Secretary of Energy, United States.
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Giulia Ragosa
PhD student, UCL Energy Institute.
