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Global EV Outlook 2026 Electric vehicle batteries
…EV battery deployment in 2025, up from less than 5% in 2024.Regionally, EV battery deployment expanded in China (60% of global) and the European Union (almost 15%) in 2025, while it stagnated in the United States (10%). Growth in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) other than China also continued – they represented 6% of global EV battery deployment in 2025, highlighting the increasingly global nature of road transport electrification.In 2025, the average battery size of battery electric cars remained broadly stable in the European Union and China, at close to 70 kWh and below 60 kWh, respectively. By contrast, average plug-in hybrid…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Executive summary
…how they can be strengthened to better support near-term implementation across the energy system.Overall, the plans largely demonstrate a strong alignment with key levers for international collaboration that can address the challenges facing each sector. For example, hydrogen, steel, cement and concrete, and fertilisers are all sectors where strong international signals for investment are important for market growth for clean energy options. The related plans appropriately identify aggregated demand creation and standards interoperability as priority levers for international collaboration. In the road transport sector, plans identify international assistance with financing and investment in emerging markets as an area...
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy in Southeast Asia
…is the largest end-use sector, accounting for around 45% of total final consumption today, and has been the main source of demand growth since 2015, driven by manufacturing, non-energy-intensive industries and rapid expansion in metals production, including nickel-related activity in Indonesia. Transport remains the main driver of oil demand, with road freight, rising car ownership and the region’s large two- and three-wheeler fleet sustaining fuel consumption. In buildings, progress on electricity access and clean cooking has reduced reliance on traditional biomass, while rising ownership of appliances and air conditioners has made electricity the le...
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settings
…coal and natural gas, while the young age of industrial assets limits near-term opportunities for fuel switching. In transport, electric vehicles and biofuels curb oil demand growth, avoiding around 1 mb/d of oil demand by 2035 together, reducing exposure to import price volatility and saving roughly USD 25 billion in oil imports, but road freight, aviation and petrochemical feedstocks keep oil use rising. Buildings are a major source of electricity demand growth, led by cooling. Air conditioner stocks are set to triple by 2035 as incomes rise, cities expand and temperatures increase. Stronger minimum energy performance standards and better…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Key findings
…first time ever, 50 years after peaking at 46%. Demand for oil rose by 0.8% in 2024, compared with a 1.9% increase in 2023. However, trends varied between sectors and regions. Oil demand from global road transport fell slightly, driven by declines in China (-1.8%) and advanced economies (-0.3%). Oil demand from aviation and petrochemicals grew.Natural gas saw the strongest demand growth among fossil fuels. Demand increased by 2.7% in 2024, rising by 115 billion cubic metres (bcm), compared with an average of around 75 bcm annually over the past decade. China had the…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Energy Review 2025 Oil
…years after peaking at 46%.In 2024, chemical feedstocks and aviation each accounted for around half of oil demand growth in energy terms (in volumetric terms, the share of feedstocks was higher, at around 70%). After rebounding strongly following the end of Covid-19 lockdowns in many countries, growth in oil demand from the road transport sector has slowed markedly in recent years. Since 2022, it has accounted for just 5% of growth in global oil demand in energy terms. The 2024 deceleration in demand growth was most visible in China. In 2023, the country’s oil use surged by…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Energy Review 2025 Natural gas
…sectors, supported by policies, regulations and market dynamics. In the Middle East, oil-to-gas switching in the power sector continued in 2024. In road transport, the rapid scaling up of natural gas-powered trucks in China – with record sales in 2024 – contributed to lower diesel demand there. The use of LNG as a bunkering fuel is also expected to increase amid more stringent emissions regulations for shipping. Gas demand grew across regions Natural gas demand in emerging market and developing economies in Asia expanded by around 6% in 2024, accounting for nearly 40% of incremental global gas demand. This…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Energy and AI AI and climate change
…the decade, rising to 1% in the Base Case. They grow 2.5 times to reach 1.4% of combustion emissions in the Lift-Off Case. While the share of data centres in aggregate emissions may appear small, data centres are among the few sectors – along with road transport and aviation – that see an increase in their direct and indirect emissions to 2030. In the Lift-Off Case, data centres see the largest emissions growth among all sectors. AI applications in the energy sector are being used for a wide range of optimisations, some of which lead to emissions reductions, whether…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in electric car markets
…electric cars displaced over 1 million barrels per day of oil consumption in 2024. Of course, the stock of electric cars is not spread evenly across the world – in China, for example, around one in ten cars on the road is now electric, whereas in Europe the ratio is closer to one in twenty. Almost half of China’s car sales were electric in 2024, representing almost two-thirds of electric cars sold globally Electric car sales in China increased by almost 40% year-on-year in 2024, further driving up China’s share of global electric car sales. In 2021…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Electric vehicle charging
…In Austria, 8 000 public charging points were added in 2024, most of which were supported by a subsidy that ended at the beginning of 2025. Installation of public charging points across the European Union is expected to increase as a result of the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR), which mandates the installation of fast-charging stations for cars and vans of at least 150 kW every 60 km along the TEN-T core road network by 2025. Each station must offer a minimum total power output of 400 kW, increasing to 600 kW by the end of 2027. In addition, roll-out…