-
Global Energy Review 2025 CO2 Emissions
Energy sector carbon emissions reached a new record in 2024 Total energy-related CO2 emissions increased by 0.8% in 2024, hitting an all-time high of 37.8 Gt CO2. This rise contributed to record atmospheric CO2 concentrations of 422.5 ppm in 2024, around 3 ppm higher than 2023 and 50% higher than pre-industrial levels. In 2024, CO2 emissions from fuel combustion grew by around 1% or 357 Mt CO2, while emissions from industrial processes declined by 2.3% or 62 Mt CO2. Emissions growth was lower than global GDP growth (+3.2%), restoring the decades-long trend of decoupling emissions…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
-
+ 3 pages
-
Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Executive summary
The next phase of international collaboration is focused on delivery With long-term goals and sectoral targets established in many countries, the focus of international energy and climate collaboration has shifted. The primary priority of collaboration is no longer articulating new commitments, but delivering outcomes within this decade. This shift has been most prominent in recent international processes, including the Conference of the Parties (COP), where the focus has moved towards mechanisms and initiatives intended to support delivery across sectors of the global economy.In addition to emissions reductions, many governments are considering energy transitions for reasons of energy security…
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
-
+ 3 pages
-
Martin Kueppers
Former Energy Modeller.
-
Pledges to Progress 2025 Pledges to Progress Company Assessment
The assessment shown below sets out actions reported by 116 oil and gas companies to achieve the goals set out in the Oil and Gas Decarbonisation Charter, agreed at COP28. It is a baseline assessment, in that the evaluations for each metric are based on public company reporting published in 2024, which often rely on data and progress from 2023, i.e. before the OGDC was launched.This is not an assessment of environmental performance. It tracks 25 specific aspects of target-setting, implementation strategies and disclosure, based on a framework put together by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the…
-
Global Energy and Climate Model Announced Pledges Scenario (APS)
The 2025 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) does not include the Announced Pledges Scenario. Our assessment of the new round of NDCs due this year, generally the period to 2035, will follow once there is a more complete picture of these pledges.The Announced Pledges Scenario (APS), introduced in 2021, illustrates the extent to which announced ambitions and targets can deliver the emissions reductions needed to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. In the WEO-2024, the APS includes all recent major national announcements as of the end of August 2024, both 2030 targets and longer-term net zero…
-
World Energy Employment 2025 Executive summary
In 2024, global energy employment growth outpaced job gains in the wider economy for the third year in a row. Continued strong investment in energy infrastructure underpinned expanding energy employment, up by 2.2%, nearly double the economy-wide rate of 1.3%, bringing total energy sector jobs to 76 million. Since 2019, 5.4 million energy workers have been added – about 2.4% of all new jobs globally. In some countries, its contribution is far larger, reaching one in five new jobs in China and one in ten in the United States since 2022. The pace of the expansion in recent…
-
World Energy Investment 2025 Africa
Africa is faced with new challenges and opportunities as the composition and source of investment flows in the continent shift Africa is characterised by strong regional imbalances. South Africa and North Africa account for less than 20% of the population but more than 45% of energy investment and over 65% of installed electrical capacity. By contrast, Sub-Saharan Africa, home to most of the region’s population, receives less energy investment and has limited access to reliable electricity. New connection rates have steadily increased since 2000 but remain well below the universal access target set for 2030, with 600 million…
-
Claude Turmes
Minister for Energy and Minister for Spatial Planning. Claude Turmes was appointed Luxembourg’s Minister for Energy and Minister for Spatial Planning in December 2018. He previously held the position of Secretary of State for Sustainable Development and Infrastructures. He was a member of the European Parliament for almost 20 years, serving as rapporteur for the Energy Efficiency Directive and the Renewable Energy Directive.
-
Indicators Handbook for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions Purpose and Development of the Handbook
A flexible contextual approach The Indicators Handbook complements the Blueprint for Action as a flexible, pragmatic and evidence-based resource to provide guidance on tracking the implementation of the G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions.Each chapter corresponds to one of the G20 principles. For each principle, the Handbook presents emerging practices and approaches from several country case studies, illustrating both indicators and methodologies for tracking progress, monitoring effectiveness and designing better policies. Each chapter also includes lessons learned from international experience and key considerations relevant to measuring the specific issues associated with the principle.The indicators proposed for…
-
World Energy Investment 2025 Southeast Asia
In the past, Southeast Asia’s rapid economic growth was mostly driven by fossil fuels but clean energy now accounts for almost half of energy investment Southeast Asia is a rapidly developing region, with GDP per capita increasing by more than 30% since 2015. During the last ten years, energy demand has increased by over 35%, with electricity demand rising by more than 60%. Driving this is a 12% increase in electricity access rates, growing consumption in industry, urbanisation and rising incomes creating demand for cooling and other appliances. Historically, this rising energy demand has been met by fossil fuels…