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Climate Change
The IEA and the UNFCCC are building consensus on actions to deliver 1.5 °C-aligned energy transitions; and supporting the next round of Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement – while deepening existing cooperation on data and capacity building. The IEA and the UNFCCC are building consensus on actions to deliver 1.5 °C-aligned energy transitions; and supporting the next round of Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement – while deepening existing cooperation on data and capacity building. The global energy system is the bedrock of modern economies and societies – providing power to everywhere we live and work…
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Ebio Vitor
Former Energy Data Officer.
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Assessing the sustainable potential and cost of feedstocks for biogas and biomethane
Feedstock assessment This assessment considers over 30 types of feedstocks for biogases. They can be broadly grouped together as crop residues, animal manure, biowaste and woody biomass. We assess feedstocks that can be processed without direct competition with food for agricultural land or animal feed, and that do not have any other adverse sustainability impacts. Biogas and methane yields are key indicators of how suitable a feedstock is for energy production. Biogas yield refers to the total volume of gas produced from a feedstock through anaerobic digestion, primarily methane (CH₄) and CO₂. Methane yield, by contrast, accounts only for the…
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Sree Sanyal
Former India Programme Officer.
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Pledges to Progress 2025 Recommendations
The case for robust operational emissions reduction – backed by public disclosure to foster progress, transparency and accountability – has never been stronger. The increased regulatory and policy focus on reducing methane and flaring emissions from oil and gas production, the degree of cost-effectiveness in pursuing reductions, and the uptake among industry, investors and others suggest that all stakeholders are well aware of the opportunity for climate mitigation and operational efficiency.In many cases, large improvements in company scores could be achieved with better reporting and increased transparency, especially since companies are likely to be doing more than they are disclosing…
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World Energy Investment 2025 How we track investment in energy
Tracking energy investment The way investment is measured across the energy spectrum varies, largely because of differences in the availability of data and the nature of expenditures. This document highlights the methodology used to ensure that the estimates are consistent and comparable across sectors in the World Energy Investment 2025 (WEI 2025) report and other publications from the International Energy Agency.The IEA measures investment as the ongoing capital spending on assets. For some sectors, such as power generation, this investment is spread out evenly from the year in which a new plant or upgrade of an existing one takes…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Conclusion and lessons learned
Market environment is structurally and geopolitically more fragile One of the primary and most fundamental consequences of the energy crisis is the shift into a structurally more fragile natural gas market environment, compounded by geopolitical uncertainty. The drastic reduction in Russian pipeline flows to Europe also represented a loss of traded gas volumes in the global market. Concurrently, this drove an equally significant reduction in the availability of swing production capacity that had previously provided a degree of price-responsive supply modulation to both the European and global markets. In turn, this led to an increased reliance on LNG trade…
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Gas Flaring, Venting and Methane Emissions (Prevention of Waste and Pollution) Regulations, 2023
…natural gas and fugitive methane emissions and create social and economic benefits from gas flaring and venting. They apply to all licensees, lessees and producers of gas in upstream petroleum operations. Rights over flare gas: The Regulations grant the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) the right to take all gas at a flare point, free of charge and without payment of royalty. The NUPRC may award permits to applicants selected through a competitive bid process to access the disposed gas for commercialisation or utilisation. Monetisation: Producers of gas are required to submit a Flare Elimination and Monetisation Plan for…
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Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Environmental Regulations, 2023
…of petroleum liquids and gas. They must also take inventory of equipment and components identified as sources or possible sources of methane emissions and implement LDAR and MRV programmes. Operators must also register new and existing emissions point sources in their facilities with the Authority and obtain a valid permit before discharging gaseous effluents into the environment In addition, the Regulations require licensees and permit holders to monitor and report GHG emissions generated from their operations and submit a strategy for carbon capture, decarbonisation and achievement of net-zero targets, for approval from the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority.
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Introduction
Over the course of 2022 and 2023, the largest natural gas supply shock in history unfolded, developing from seemingly regional dynamics into a global shockwave in gas and wider energy markets. The crisis has yet to be entirely resolved in the 3 years that have since passed. However, the post-crisis gas market paradigm has started to emerge, making it possible to draw lessons from the most acute phase of the crisis that can be transposed from one region or market to another, or that can be achieved through collective action across the wider gas market. While gas dependency can…