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- Country report
- Dec 2025
China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 4. TFC Solar PV project in South Africa

…KONA Holdings Limited. The plant is designed as a captive power facility supplying electricity directly to the TFC smelter, which has long been owned by Samancor Chrome; Chinese SOE, Sinosteel, acquired a controlling stake in Samancor Chrome in 2022.Through a long-term PPA between the CGN’s project company and Samancor Chrome, the solar plant will provide dedicated clean electricity to the smelter, reducing dependence on the national grid and exposure to load shedding. The project will use solar PV modules and inverters from Chinese manufacturers. Northern International, a subsidiary of China’s Northern Industrial Group, will serve as…
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- Trends in China’s Outbound Energy Finance
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- Country
Thailand

Thailand’s energy policy focuses on reducing dependence on natural gas to enhance energy security. With the costs reduction of variable renewable energy, conventional Thai power generation starts giving way to alternative sources. The country’s energy policy must evolve to accommodate this change.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
- + 5 pages
- Country
Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan’s government is continuously investing in oil and gas, to modernise and expand the electricity and heat sector by 2020. Moreover, the energy sector is almost fully subsidised, with citizens receiving free electricity, heat and gas up to a certain level of consumption, until 2030, but the government is taking steps to reduce subsidies to curb domestic demand and increase exports. Turkmenistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
- + 5 pages
- Technology report
- May 2026
Autonomous vehicles

GEVO 2026 - Chapter 8 Progress in AI and computing power is disproportionately benefiting EVs, particularly for automated driving and integrated vehicle control. Sensors and chips integrate well with the stable, high-voltage power supply of EV batteries. Electric vehicles lead in automation and advanced driver assistance Driving automation is at the forefront of software developments for cars today. While fully autonomous cars (Level 5 automation)) are not currently in sight, electric driverless taxis (Level 4) are already operating commercially in more than 20 cities worldwide. Moreover, automated driving systems are not limited to self-driving cars – they are also rapidly gaining…
- Country
Tunisia

Tunisia mostly relies on gas imports to meet its primary energy needs: almost 97% of its electricity generation came from gas in 2016. However, energy policy puts the emphasis on renewable energy. Electricity generation from wind power strongly increased since 2014.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
- + 5 pages
- Commentary
- 08 Jun 2026
International collaboration continues to power innovation in energy technologies

International collaboration continues to power innovation in energy technologies For 50 years, Technology Collaboration Programmes have played a crucial part in advancing international energy goals Throughout history, collaboration among researchers and experts across countries has been a motor of innovation in energy technologies. By advancing our understanding of energy fundamentals, improving the efficiency and quality of existing processes and materials, and supporting the development of frontier technologies that strengthen the energy security and sustainability, this coordination has accelerated progress and shed new light on the implications of innovative technologies around the world.An understanding that energy technology innovation can play…
- Country
North Macedonia

North Macedonia
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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- Country
Honduras

In 2014, Honduras approved a new Law of Electrical Industry, which establishes technology-specific auctions for renewable energy. 75% of the population has access to electricity in the country and only 48% can rely on clean cooking facilities.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
- + 5 pages
- Country
Iran

Iran has in place legislation obliging the Minister of Energy to increase the share of renewables and clean power plants to at least 5% of the country's capacity until the end of 2021.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
- + 5 pages
- Energy system
Data Centres

Data Centres